The Chemical Composition of Aqueous Solutions Essay Example

The Chemical Composition of Aqueous Solutions Paper Electrolytes forms ions when dissolved in water (or certain other solvents) and thus produce solutions that conduct electricity, Strong electrolytes unionize essentially completely Weak electrolytes unionize only partially Solution tweak electrolyte will be a poorer conductor than a solution containing an equal concentration of a strong electrolyte BRBÃ'‘nested-Lowry theory Acid is a proton donor Base is a proton acceptor H2O HON. NON The conjugate base of the acid HON. is nitrite ion. The conjugate acid of water is he hydrated proton written as 830+ Unpatriotic solvent solvent that can act either as an acid or as a base, a classic example is water. The vastest acid forms the strongest conjugate base The tendency of a solvent to accept or donate protons determines the strength Of a solute acid or base dissolved in it. Conjugate base- the result when an acid gives up a In differentiating solvents, various acids dissociate proton to different degrees and thus have different acid I Basel * proton strengths. In a leveling solvent, several acids are completely dissociated and are thus of the same Conjugate acid the result when a base accepts a strength. Proton bases * proton acid For example, euphoric and hydrochloric acids are strong acids in water. If anhydrous acetic acid, a weaker proton acceptor than water, is substituted as the solvent, neither of these acids undergoes complete dissociation Many solvents are proton donors or proton acceptors and can thus induce basic or acidic behavior in solutes dissolved in them. We will write a custom essay sample on The Chemical Composition of Aqueous Solutions specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Chemical Composition of Aqueous Solutions specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Chemical Composition of Aqueous Solutions specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer For example, in an aqueous solution of ammonia, water can Acetic acid acts as a differentiating solvent toward donate a proton and thus acts as an acid with the two acids by revealing inherent differences in respect to the solute: their acidities, Water on the other hand is a leveling solvent for euphoric and hydrochloric NH + H2O NH+ *Coccids because all are completely unionized in this Ammonia reacts with water, which is considered as solvent and thus exhibit no differences in strength. N acid, to give the conjugate acid ammonium ion and hydroxide ion which is the conjugate base of the acid water.

Researching Ancestors in the British Census

Researching Ancestors in the British Census A census of the population of England and Wales has been taken every ten years since 1801, with the exception of 1941 (when no census was taken due to World War II). The censuses conducted prior to 1841 were basically statistical in nature, not even preserving the name of the head of household. Therefore, the first of these census enumerations of much use for tracing your ancestors is the British census of 1841. To protect the privacy of living individuals, the most recent census to be released to the public for England, Scotland and Wales is the 1911 census. What You Can Learn From British Census Records ), sex, occupation, and whether they were born in the same county in which they were enumerated. 1851-1911The questions asked in the 1851, 1861, 1871, 1881, 1891, and 1901 census enumerations are generally the same and include the first, middle (usually just the initial), and last name of each individual; their relationship to the head of household; marital status; age at last birthday; sex; occupation; the county and parish of birth (if born in England or Wales), or the country if born elsewhere; and the full street address for each household. The birth information makes these censuses especially helpful for tracing ancestors born prior to the onset of civil registration in 1837. 1851 - This census additionally recorded whether an individual was blind, deaf or an idiot; tradesmen usually identified as master, journeyman or apprentice; the numbers of employees of a master. 1861 1871 - These two census enumerations additionally asked whether a person was imbecile, idiot or lunatic. 1881 1891 - The number of rooms occupied by a family if less than 5 was also recorded, as was whether a working person was an employer, employee or neither. 1901 - The employer/employee question added in 1881 remained, with the addition of recording those working at home. Four categories of disability were recorded: deaf and dumb; blind; lunatic; and imbecile or feeble minded. 1911 - The first census for which the original household schedules were not destroyed once details had been transferred into the enumerators’ summary books. For 1911 both the original census surveys filled out in your ancestor’s own hand (complete with mistakes and additional comments) and the traditional edited enumerators’ summary are available. An infirmity column allowed reporting of family illnesses and conditions, and the age at which these began. Details of children born to women in prison who were aged three or under at the time of the census were also recorded. Census Dates 1841 - 6 June1851 - 30 March1861 - 7 April1871 - 2 April1881 - 3 April1891 - 5 April1901 - 31 March1911 - 2 April Where to Find the Census for England Wales Online access to digitized images of all census returns from 1841 to 1911 (including indexes) for England and Wales is available from multiple companies. Most of the records require some type of payment for access, under either a subscription or pay-per-view system. For those looking for free online access to British census records, dont miss the transcriptions of the 1841–1911 England Wales Census available online at no charge at FamilySearch.org. These records are linked to digitized copies of the actual census pages from FindMyPast, but access to the digitized census images does require a subscription to FindMyPast.co.uk or a worldwide subscription to FindMyPast.com.   The UK National Archives offers subscription access to the complete 1901 census for England and Wales, while a subscription to British Origins includes access to the 1841, 1861 and 1871 census for England and Wales. The UK Census subscription at Ancestry.co.uk is a comprehensive online British census offering, with complete indexes and images for every national census in England, Scotland, Wales, the Isle of Man and the Channel Islands from 1841-1911. FindMyPast also offers fee-based access to available British national census records from 1841-1911. The 1911 British Census can also be accessed as a standalone PayAsYouGo site at 1911census.co.uk. The 1939 National Register Information from the 1939 National Register is available to applications, but only for individuals who have died and are recorded as being deceased. The application is expensive -  £42 - and no money will be refunded, even if a search of the records is unsuccessful. Information can be requested on a specific individual or a specific address, and information on up to a total of 10 people residing at a single address will be provided (if you ask for this).NHS Information Centre - 1939 National Register Request

Leadership and nursing care management Assignment

Leadership and nursing care management - Assignment Example Scheduling and staffing in nursing care management is an aspect of management that poses a lot of challenges to managers. Formulating strategies to achieve the goal of bringing new nurses to the nursing profession and scheduling already recruited nurses is quite important to the profession. Employing forceful and well-researched scheduling tactics will tap the skills and competencies of qualified workers to the profession and on the right jobs (Seifert, 2000). After employing a new workforce, efforts must be taken to properly schedule the current nurses on the basis of their wealth of knowledge and expertise which are vital for assisting and developing trainee nurses into experts and sustaining qualified service delivery. The reason this topic is chosen is the negative physical and mental health consequences of poor scheduling on overworked health care employees. In addition, poor scheduling results in domestic problems as employees have little or no time for families and friends. Fi nally, low morale in employees due to overwork and lack of understanding and consideration from managers and administrators results in reduced productivity (Chin, 2008). This essay discusses the modern trends in staff and scheduling strategies as well as the challenges that these process pose to the management. Finally, it provides research based recommendations on how to solve problems of staff and scheduling in nursing care management. Implications of Staff Shortage on Scheduling Staffing plays a rather critical role in the operation budget of health care facilities. In fact, for many health care facilities, it has been established that up to between 50% and 70% of operation budget goes to staffing issues. It is thus a counterproductive trend or practice to ignore or underestimate the necessity of effective and efficient staff management strategies and nurse scheduling processes (Buchanan, 2002). In general, staffing and scheduling strategies and practices should not result in unc alled for overtime, lopsided caseloads and even staff suffering exhaustion. As is generally understood, unhappy or discontented staff implies unproductive and unprofitable business (Buchanan, 2002). For optimal staff scheduling practices that would yield happy and contended nurses, it is of the essence that a balance is struck between resident perceptions and the skill levels of the nurses in question (Buchanan, 2002). Importantly, health care managers should ensure that staff schedules are tightly connected to the needs and populations of the clients to be attended. Managers should be consistent in their scheduling, considering that no single nurse would want to work on holidays and every other weekend. Thus, there should not be any indications of favoritism in staff scheduling. This fairness would ensure no employee grumbles given that employees are the greatest asset that a health care facility may have. In addition, it pays for health care managers who ensure their nurses and ot her staffs are happy as this happiness would translate to better care and improved client outcomes (Buchanan, 2002). Numerous challenges are often encountered in staff scheduling, staff shortage being a key challenge. There is a wide spread shortage of registered nurses (RNs) in many countries including The United States of

Compare and contrast the beliefs separating the two sides in the Irish Essay

Compare and contrast the beliefs separating the two sides in the Irish Civil War (1922-23) - Essay Example As a matter of fact, even the new parliamentarians of the Free State were entailed to swear their loyalty to the British King/Queen. (1) The Country was divided into two halves owing to the issues resulting from the Treaty – one side arguing that this Pact conforms to the long-term interests of Ireland and the other strongly disagreeing with it. Despite best efforts of both the sides, mainly from the Pro-Pact one, to bring about an amicable solution to the issue, the Civil War could not be avoided. The War was eventually won by the group favoring the Treaty. It (War) led to severe bloodshed and devastation, the likes of which were without a precedent at that point of time of Ireland’s history. Additionally, the strong repercussions of the Civil War can be seen exercising their impact on the political scenario of even the present-day Ireland. (1) It needs to be noted that the root cause for the origin of any conflict leading to a large scale war is the varying ideology and diverse beliefs of various groups, with the Irish Civil War being no exception to this thumb rule. The respective beliefs of both the sides involved in this battle were diametrically opposite to each other. At this juncture, it would be worthwhile to be briefly analyzing these ideologies, so as to develop an apt understanding about the reasons triggering such a big war. For the group abiding by the Treaty, it (Treaty) was considered to be supporting the form of democracy where citizens have the right to vote, while the opposing side viewed the pact as a collective conspiracy designed to further strengthen the British presence in Ireland. From the viewpoint of the anti-Treaty faction, the democracy that the supporters claimed to be resulting (from the Treaty), was a weak system relying heavily on the protection offered by the UK. (2) The opponents were primarily driven by their firm conviction that it is solely their political ideology, which would pave the way for

Tech Article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Tech Article - Essay Example The current market price for RFID tags is between 20 and 40 cents. A company that is currently utilizing RFID tags to improve its supply chain is Wal-Mart Inc. Wal-Mart is the world largest retailer and biggest employer. The use of RFID has allowed Wal-Mart to improve its warehouse logistics. For example Wal-Mart is using RFID technology to scan tags on products as pallets are moved through a dock or scanning cases on high shelves in a warehouse (Rfidjournal). Companies can also use the technology to track the movement of merchandise as it is moved by trucking companies. The auto-id system developed for use in RFID tags must be open source so that there won’t be any compatibility issues. A good system will use the internet to connect users to the information in real time. As the cost of RFID continues to decrease its application will become the new standard in the packaging industry. Work Cited Page Rfidjournal.com. 2011. â€Å"What is RFID?’’ RFID Journal. 1 Ma rch 2011. Wordiq.com. 2010. â€Å"RFID- Definition.† 1 March 2011.

BP Corporate Governance

BP Corporate Governance The concept of corporate governance is the system by which business corporation are directed and controlled. The three main aspect of good corporate governance are seen in shareholder right, transparency and board accountability. (Corporate governance by Alan Calder 2008). Definition: Corporate governance is concerned with holding the balance between economic and social goal and between individual and common goal and aim is to align as nearly as possible the interests of individual, corporation and society (Sir Adrian Cadbury, 1999). Using the British Petroleum case, we develop a model of efficient corporate governance addressing all facets of the society in which corporations exist such as economic, ethical, political, and social. These facets determine the norms by which corporate decisions are judged. Without incorporating every facet into decisions, companies will eventually fall short and company just cant do the things in profit motive by sacrificing the moral and ethical issues British Petroleum failed in averting the Mexico oil spill due to lack of coordination between board and chairman and interlacing all the facets of society in the corporate decision making process. This failure contributed to the mismanagement of the company by a relatively detached board of directors who failed to assimilate high ethical management standards into the foundation of decision making process. This model developed here will help companies in addressing the appropriate system of corporate governance which serves as a foundation to avert failure through the practice of high ethical patterns of behavior which are needed to survive in the modern business world. Case analysis and discussion By late 2010,the British Petroleum has become a cause cà ©là ¨bre amongst those concerned with corporate governance and particularly with the social, ethical and environmental responsibilities of business In the 21st century, corporate governance has become critical for medium and large organisation. The organization which fallows corporate guidelines strategy performs well than compared to organization which does not adhere to the guidelines. Corporation work with governance framework which is first set by law and then by regulation emanating from the regulatory bodies to which they are subject. The chairman and Boards of directors are responsible for the Mexico disaster as they not properly scrutinised the outsourcing to the partner and we call as leadership failure. The responsibilities of the board include setting the companys strategic aims, providing the leadership to put them into effect, supervising the management of the business and reporting to shareholders on their stewardship. It will be critically analyses the corporate governance structure of British Petroleum and its related issues regarding the corporate social responsibility. British Petroleum Corporate Governance structure Board structure British Petroleum Board fallows unitary board structure, characterized by one single board comprising both executive and non executive directors. The unitary board is responsible for all aspects of the company activities and all the directors are working to achieve the same ends. The shareholders elect the directors to the board at the company annual general meeting. The Board of British Petroleum focuses more on Agency theory which take into account of principle- agent framework. The work of Jensen and Meckling (1976) in particular, and of Fama and Jensen (1983), are associated with this Agency theory (Corporate governance -Christine A Mallin). In Agency Theory, in the context of corporation and issues of corporate control, agency theory views corporate governance mechanisms, especially the board of directors as agent to monitor the functioning of management or the corporation. The focus of the theory is on design proper incentives measure and implementing those incentives and monitoring the performance. Economic performance is vital, and increasing shareholder value is deemed good. Agency theory, however, is not able to address the issues of non-direct shareholder interests such as political pressures and societal expectations from firms such as British Petroleum The corporate governance structure of a firm should provide the medium of norms and best practices which balance the needs of all stakeholders of the firm. Therefore, the model of corporate governance structure for firms must include economic, political, social and ethical norms for decision making in order for firms to gain and retain legitimacy which leads to resources and survival. British Petroleum Plc board governing principle is as fallows. The BP Board is responsible for the direction and oversight of BP plc (BP) on behalf of the shareholders and is accountable to them, as owners, for all aspects of BPs business. The Board recognize that in conducting its business, BP should be receptive to other relevant constituencies. British Petroleum believes that good corporate governance involves to specify the role and responsibilities and the proper utilisation of distinct skills and processes. The Board therefore focuses on activities that enable it to promote shareholders interests, such as the consideration of long-term strategy, the monitoring of executive action, and ongoing Board and executive management succession. The board gives clear guide lines for the allocation of authority for the executive management of BP through the group Chief Executive (GCE) and these can be seen in the Governing principle The BP Goal The Goal of British petroleum is to maximize the shareholders value by investing the resources to activities in the oil, natural gas, petrochemical and energy business. The role of the Board The Board is collectively responsible for pursuing the BP Goal and is accountable to shareholders for all the actions of BP. The Boards role is to govern BP by discharging its sole responsibilities, which include Focus primarily on strategic issues; Regard to economic, political and social issues and any other relevant external Matters which may influence or affect the development of BPs business; and Exemplify through these Board Principles and its expectations for the conduct of the BP business and its employees. The Board and its processes The Board will take into confidence and seek to obtain the view of the shareholder as a whole, the board will decide the agenda for the financial year and these will be done with consultation of chairman, general chief executive and company secretary. Discussion at Board meetings will be open and constructive and the record will be kept confidential, unless there is a specific decision or legal requirement to make disclosure. The entire director can obtain independent professional advice relating to directors own responsibilities and the affairs of BP. Board Composition and Compensation Composition, Size, Independence and Tenure The Board comprise a experienced individuals with appropriate range of knowledge and working principle in Experience in dealing with strategic issues and long-term perspectives; Leadership experience, a superior knowledge of business principles and capacity Independent thought; Ability to participate constructively in deliberations; and Willingness to exercise authority in a collective manner. The director are elected annually by shareholder and half of director excluding the chairman, are non-executive director. Board and Director Evaluation The Board will evaluate its own working condition and performance including the work of its committees and this is done to keep the efficiency of the board. The performance and contribution of individual directors as members of the Board will be reviewed periodically, with the Chairmans performance being reviewed annually. The non executive will monitor the work of General chief Executive, the performance of the Executive directors will be monitored by the GCE and Non-Executive directors. Board Induction and Education All the directors will be given induction and training program for enable them to fulfil their responsibilities as directors, all the directors especially non-executive directors are prepared give sufficient time for the discharge of their BP responsibilities. The board will be kept informed by the directors through company secretary. The Nomination Committee will keep under review the commitments of Non-Executive directors and make recommendations to the Board if the Committee concludes that a directors other commitments are inconsistent with those required by BP. Role of the Chairman The Chairman will the leader of the board and act as facilitator, and has authority to act and speak for the board meeting on matter relating to the board principle. The Chairman is empowered to make any decision, establish any policy, take any action or enter into any obligation which is consistent with the Board Principles. and, in so doing, may interpret the Board Principles in any reasonable manner. The Chairman will ensure that systems are in place to provide directors with accurate, timely and clear information to enable the Board to consider properly all matters before it. The Chairman is responsible for ensuring the integrity and effectiveness of the Board Principles. The chairman role is clearly followed as per Sir Adrian Cadbury observation the primary task of chairman is to chair the board. This is the work they have been appointed to do and, however the duties at the top of the company may be divided. Chairing the board is their responsibility alone (p. 78). He clear highlights an important difference between CEOs and chairman. This principle is adhered by the British Petroleum as per Sir Adrian Cadbury statement on chairman. Role of the Deputy Chairman The Deputy Chairman will play as role of chairman in his absence and deputy Chairman normally serve as the Boards Senior Independent Director and will be accessible to shareholders who have concerns that cannot be addressed through normal channels. The Company Secretary The company secretary is selected by the nomination committee and all the board members have access to the advise and service of company secretary. The Company Secretary is responsible for advising the Board and the Committees on  all governance matters, ensuring that Board procedures are followed, that the applicable laws and regulations for the conduct of the affairs of the Board are complied with and for all matters associated with the maintenance of the board Board Committees The Board consists of permanent committee which are as The Chairmans Committee, Safety, Ethics and Environment Assurance Committee (SEEAC), Remuneration Committee, Audit Committee, Nomination Committee Chairmans Committee: Consist of chairman and all non-executive Directors and it work include; Evaluate the performance and the efficiency of the GCE Review the structure and systems for senior executive development and determine the succession plan for the GCE, the Executive directors and other senior members  of executive management Determine any other matter which is appropriate to be considered by all of the  Non-Executive directors Safety, Ethics and Environment Assurance Committee: consist of four to six Non-Executive Directors and it work include Monitor and obtain assurance that the management or mitigation of significant BP risks of a non-financial nature is appropriately addressed by the GCE Receive and review regular reports from the GCE or his delegate, the Group Internal  Auditor and the Group Compliance and Ethics Officer regarding the GCEs adherence  to the relevant Executive Limitations and his management in responding to risk Review material to be placed before shareholders which addresses environmental,  safety and ethical performance and make recommendations to the Board about  their adoption and publication Remuneration Committee: Consist of at least three Non-Executive Directors and it work include Determine the terms of engagement and remuneration of the GCE and the Executive directors and to report on those to shareholders   Determine on behalf of the Board matters of policy over which BP has authority  relating to the establishment or operation of BPs pension scheme of which the Audit Committee: Consist four to six Non-Executive Directors and it work include Monitor and obtain guarantee that the GCEs internal control system is in place and implemented effectively in the observance of the audit and relevant toExecutive Limitations Review regular reports from the GCE or his delegate, the Group Internal Auditor and the Group Compliance and Ethics Officer which evidence the GCEs adherence to the relevant Executive Limitations and his management in responding to risk Review all financial disclosure documents including quarterly results, annual accounts, prospectuses, information and offering memoranda to be placed before shareholders or filed with regulatory bodies and make recommendations to the Board about their adoption and publication Nomination Committee: Consist of chairman and chairs of SEEAC, Audit and Remuneration committee and it work include Categorise recommend candidates for appointment or reappointment as directors and company secretary Review the mix of knowledge, skills and experience of the Board to ensure the orderly succession of directors Evaluate outside directorship/commitments of the Non-Executive directors Risk and Internal Control The GCE will not cause or permit BP to operate without a comprehensive system  of controls and internal audit to identify and manage the risks that are material to BP,  to protect BPs assets and to monitor the application of BPs resources in a manner  which meets the standards of external auditors. (BP governing plc extract from bp.com) Weakness of corporate governance structure in British petroleum In the wake up of Gulf of Mexico oil spill, the corporate governance structure and the governing principle collapsed , the oil giant send uncharismatic leader, chief executive Tony Hayward to placate its major partners and stakeholder. Instead, BP should quickly provide new leadership and replace its ineffective top decision-makers. That would be just the first step in trying to win back the confidence of its partners and regaining investors trust while it continues to work on stopping the massive oil leak in the Gulf of Mexico and cleaning up the environmental disaster its created,The Financial Times in an editorial on July 6 said theres an urgent need for changes at the top of BP. And foremost investor Warren Buffett has said Hayward needs to be replaced for the good of both BP and the U.S. The FT made clear what it believes BP should do: There is no question that top management will have to be changed following the Gulf of Mexico oil spill. It noted that BPs response has exposed shortcomings in leadership and presentation.(Gene Marcial, financial columnist in Daily finance 7/12/2010) Analyst Lucy Haskins of Barclays Capital in a recent report noted that there are serious corporate governance questions given the magnitude of events at BP, which she describes as structurally disadvantaged. Haskin advises BPs nonexecutive directors should should change the whole corporate governing system of the company, like appointing new CEO and new leadership team.(Analyst Lucy Haskins of Barclays Capital in financial times December 2010) As we can see, on paper, BP addressed the management teams responsibilities in their corporate governance program. It is this same program that is being rated by Management Excellence and ranked accordingly. BP ranked number three on the list and surprising to many as BP ethics are based solely on board structure and policies. If the rating were based on management actions then we would have a new ranking, as ethics should be based on the verbs that management take in the day-to-day operations of the company; not the policies.   Olsen (2005) points to BP having more fatalities than compared to other company and also the recent 11 death in the April 20, 2010 explosion of the Deepwater Horizon (Casselman, 2010). Considering death toll of BP and disaster like the Texas Refinery explosion, pipeline leaks, illegal doming, and the Gulf Coast oil leak, we feel some things out of place and the rating system has it wrong, as environmental issues cannot be measured by policy and Procedure but the actual action and their day-to-day activities to gauge the ethical behaviour. Effective boardrooms need to be able to perceive fraud and misdeeds within their organization. To accomplish this, directors need to make sure they have internal controls that monitor, detect, and measure the usefulness of red flags. Employees and management must be properly trained to spot red flags within the scope of their job functions. Properly trained employees and management should be able to spot red flags sooner; leading to a reduction in cost per incident for fraudulent activities within the organization.   Creating an effective board, by utilizing Leblanc and Gillies (2003) model, can strengthen the overall sustainability of an organization. Effective boards have to understand the ethical risks, red flags, and internal controls within their organization. As failure to do so, often leads to a road, no one wishes to go down As per Tony Jackson review in Financial times British Petroleum has a stubborn nature of corporate culture which is difficult to change and also has defective safety culture. If we go through BP annual report which shows its top priorities are safety but it has not adhered to this statement as seen from Texas refinery explosion and Gulf of Mexico oil spill. Independent safety expert has given advise about BP US refinery safety upto to scratch and from we can assume there specific problem of corporate governance, Several investment professionals have said recently that the BP affair underlines the duty of owners to examine companies on safety. The recently refurbished UK Corporate Governance Code lays out the official position. The board, it says, is responsible for determining the nature and extent of the significant risks it is willing to take in achieving its strategic objectives. The board should maintain sound risk management and internal control systems. In other words top level management policy is not carried in execution below and this will make us believe the hypothesis of weak corporate governance in BP. Several institutional investors didnt buy BP share because of before the disaster because of safety worries. These all indicate weakness in safety, Ethics and environment Assurance Committee and actual fact the work is not up to mark of the committee Recommendation for good corporate governance in British Petroleum In general, we would recommend that corporate governance structure should establish a relationship among a company, its shareholders, and society in order to promote a fair, transparent, and accountable principle in an enterprise. Furthermore, the board of directors should be independent from the sphere of influence of the CEO and senior management. The board must bear no material relationship between the corporation and major independent directors. The Board should fallow the combined code of UK and Sarbanes-Oxley act of US as per the company operation of BP Refineries. Corporate governance structure for a particular firm must fulfill with societal norms to maintain legitimacy and resources in that society. In the model of corporate governance structure for firms developed in this manuscript, norms included economic, political, social and ethical norms Further, compliance by all the five groups of corporate governance structure -the Board of Directors external analysts, regulators, outside advisors and management form the model of corporate governance and all the group should remain independent in order to maintain check and balance The more proactive role is needed by the states and companies for the development process aimed at balancing economic growth with environmental sustainability and social cohesion, has motivated the following three interlinked business movements: This can be done by the following way Worldwide reforms on corporate governance. Corporate social responsibility SUMMARY In critically examining the case of British petroleum we have discussed with example of how corporate governance failures directly led to the fall in share price and loss of confidence in investor community. Though it is a helpful example to study and provide a scholarly discussion of the destructive effects a failure of corporate governance structures and corporate social responsibility can have on a companys shareholders, stakeholders, and society in general; a broader analysis leads us to conclude that having a governance structure in place that blends all appropriate norms of ethical, social, political and economic facets of society will have the most lasting and positive impact on all stakeholders. The interaction of all groups in the corporate governance structure is needed to help a corporations abide by best practices at all times. Sound corporate governance give confidence in the investors that the business environment in which the company operates is fair and transparent. It tells investors that that the company is made up of conscientious employees who respect the rights to ethics of care, justice, rights and utility. Overall, the notion of corporate governance is contained in the ethics of care, justice, rights and utility, and this is why it is of supreme importance in all business entities. Reference and Bibliography New UK Corporate Governance Code in force from 29 June 2010 BP plc -Board Governing Principle, September 20,2010 from bp.com Takis katsoulakos and Yannis Kat soulacos, Emerald Group publishing Ltd, Volume. 7 no. 4 2007,pp-355-369, Uche Nwabueze and Joan Mileski, Emerald group publishing Ltd, Volume 8 no .5, pp 583-594 Tony Jackson (2010), BP must ensure Its good intension become reality. Financial times, 27 June Oil spill Panels Reilly Fault Regulator, Wall street Journal(online), New York, March 4th ,2011 Leblanc R Gilllies J(2003), The coming revolution in corporate governance, Ivey Business Journal BP leads nation in Refinery Fatalities, Retrieved (2010), 1st October Ross, M (2008) 1st April, Fraud Red Flags Mallin A C (2010) 3rd edition, Corporate Governance Guler Aras David Crowther (2009), A Handbook of Corporate Governance and Social Responsibility Robert G Monks and Nell Minow(2004), 3rd edition, Corporate Governance Joseph. B. White, Proquest Document ID: 2282002181, Source , Newspaper British Petroleum Annual Report 2011

Snakecharmer and In the Snake Park :: essays research papers

The poem, â€Å"Snakecharmer†, is a poem that conveys an underlying theme of power and control, as represented by the snakecharmer, through the nature of the snakes and their relationship with the snakecharmer.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There is no consistent rhyme scheme to the poem, and almost all the stanzas in the poem have run-on lines to the following stanza. The effect these create is a general atmosphere of inconsistency and disorder. The run-on lines also place an emphasis upon the last word of the stanza and the first word of the following, helping the poet impress upon the reader the significance of words such as â€Å"river†, â€Å"tongues†, â€Å"snakes†, â€Å"shapes† and â€Å"rules†. The atmosphere of inconsistency and disorder that is created can also be linked to the free, uncontrollable movement of the snakes.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The poet also uses repetition of the word snake to impress upon the reader the fact that snakes are all there is in this world, a hypnotic effect that brings clearly to the reader the image of a â€Å"world of snakes†. The sibilance of the words Plath chooses to use creates an indistinctly ominous effect that is lazy and almost hypnotic to the reader. The sibilant â€Å"s† is present at least once in every line of the poem, exaggerating that effect, which is very much like the movement of a snake holding its prey in thrall before the kill. Thus the atmosphere of disorder and inconsistency is threaded with an indistinct sense of foreboding for the reader.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the first stanza, the â€Å"snakecharmer† is generalized as he is juxtaposed with â€Å"gods† and â€Å"man†. The grand style of the first line is continued through to the second as the charming of snakes is likened to the beginning of worlds; â€Å"begins a snaky sphere†. Here the reader is made aware of the amount of power the snakecharmer possesses in his control over the snakes. The grand style abovementioned gives a sense of grandeur to the snakecharmer, and the tone of this stanza is subtly respectful towards him. In the last line of the stanza, the word â€Å"pipes† is repeated; â€Å"mouth-pipe. He pipes. Pipes green. Pipes water†; that has an almost hypnotic effect on the reader. This could be because the repetition of a word coupled with frequent use of caesuras gives a calming effect that can soothe the reader while commanding his attention. This is precisely the effect the snakecharmer has on the snakes.

Huck Finn and John Smith- Conning

As a person it is necessary to grow; whether it be good or bad, growing is essential. Within the novel of The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, by Mark Twain, the main character Huck goes through a tremendous amount of growing. As people we need to grow and as a body of people or a country it is crucial to continue to grow. However, the situations of helping us grow aren’t always done in positive manners. Throughout the novel Huck is forced to decide his own true morals and not those that are imposed on him.As a country first being established (as colonies) we had to find a way to grow and use tactics to do so. In these instances conning took place. The beginning of the great country began with Captain John Smith who was, â€Å"A soldier of fortune with rare powers of leadership and self- promotion† (Tindall/Shi 29). John Smith is the very reason Jamestown survived through the harsh seasons and periods of starvation. He was able to negotiate with the Natives at the time t o help them survive. The Natives had no real idea that the Englishmen wanted more than just a trade and military alliance.The real plan of the English was to seize the land and subjugate the Natives. John Smith even tries to persuade English people who are in England to come to the New World so that he can get rich in â€Å"Description of New England†. He writes letters to them using 3rd person describing himself and how great everything was going to con them into voyaging over the New World. Huck Finn, a young boy who is trying to run away from being â€Å"sivilized†. Through his journey he ends up growing in a huge way.He is constantly facing moral issues and having to make decisions that can result in life or death. One of the biggest obstacles Huck faces is when he meets the duke and the dauphin, whom are complete liars from the beginning by stating they were a duke and a dauphin. His first encounter with them they clearly seem to be facing backlash from the scam t he older one(dauphin) was trying to pull off running a revival and taking money from it, â€Å"a little report got around, last night†, â€Å"If they got me they’d tar and feather me and ride me on the rail for sure†(Norton 183).Huck knows that they are pulling his leg but still decide to stick with them considering his circumstances†these liars warn't no kings nor dukes, at all, but just low-down humbugs and frauds†(Norton 185). These men team up together and drag Huck and Jim through countless scams. Finally, Huck deems that what the men are doing is wrong. This happens towards the end of the journey when they attempt to scam innocent girls out of an inheritance. This is time that Huck truly sees that what they are doing is wrong and begins to stand against it by sabotaging them and attempting to turn them in.At this point in the novel, Huck has a huge turning point into growing into a person of morals. Risking everything he had because he believed that it was right. No matter what angle a person comes from, there is always a source of growing. So be it that it happens to come from conning. With John Smith conning hundreds of people to come to an unknown country so that he could get rich and be someone of importance and Huck enduring conning and realizing that it is wrong and finally turning over a leaf and deciding things on his own apart from what others say.

Drunk Driving Issue in the US.

Drunk Driving Issue in the US. Running head: LEARNING TEAN B PROJECT 1 LEARNING TEAM B PROJECT PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 9Learning Team B ProjectBrian Hammock, Debra Herron, Edward Abaunza, Ruby Lee, Samuel NjorogeRES/341May 12, 2010Christopher AjaguLearning Team Project PaperIntroductionIn preparing this assignment, Team B thought that the assignment should be on an important topic. The important topic Team B chose to report on is drunk driving. Drunk driving, in our opinion, is a very important issue that should be discussed due to the importance of how alcohol consumption is taken for granted and abused. The two comparisons we chose to report on are drinking and speeding. As Team B presentation topic is reviewed, you will find several interesting pieces of information gathered. The first matter of business included in the paper is the problem background. In the problem background, there is a discussion of why Team B considered the problem important along with some historical in which the problem is related.Miss Amer ica 2006 Jennifer Berry (shown left), a n...Next is the problem statement. The problem statement will speak directly about what the problem is. Next is the literature review. This section will be a written review of the articles researched by our learning team. The next thing is the variable definitions. These definitions include the time, level of measurement as well as the units of measurement; a description of the variables used for the analysis. The data collection source will come next. This source is used to display the methods used to collect the data. Next is the statistical analysis. This will show the hypothesis tested, discuss the methodology, and show results and interpretations of the results. Finally, the result discussion will sum up the total results of this project.Problem BackgroundFor over 20 years drinking and driving has been a...

All Constraints Upon Cloning Should Be Lifted essays

All Constraints Upon Cloning Should Be Lifted essays Cloning has been a very controversial topic since it affects moral values of human beings and other living things alike. In February 1997 scientists in Scotland announced the birth of the first cloned sheep named Dolly, this heralded the future of cloning possibilities and scientists began extensive experiments on cloning and have since then cloned both plants and animals successfully. The next step was to clone actual human beings but before experiments could have been carried out pressure started build on the scientists because people started to doubt if cloning was ethical and morally correct. Governments began to introduce bans and constraints on cloning, as they felt cloning was not correct and because they represented the people of its country, it had to act on it. Cloning has its cons but its pros seem to overcome them greatly. If cloning were allowed to be experimented scientists would come up of a way to clone body organs which are an exact replica of an individual body organ. This would prove very to be very beneficial to a person who may have lost a body organ such as a kidney, scientists could clone that particular organ for the individual, which, in the long run, would work better than a transplant organ. Cloning will certainly expand the scope of medicine greatly, thus enhance the possibilities of conquering diseases such as the Parkinson's disease, cancer and other diseases that were earlier considered incurable Cloning could be used to increase the population of endangered species of animals and thus save them from total extinction. This would help maintain a natural balance on the earth and have a continuos natural life cycle. Cloning could certainly benefit couples who are infertile and want to have a child of their own, thus they could use cloning to produce a baby with their similar characteristics. In fact they may be able to even choose the characteristics of their child. Equally important women who ...

Outsourcing And Project Valuation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Outsourcing And Project Valuation - Essay Example Typically the service that they share is not considered their core-business and the firms that are outsourced specialize in those specific types of work. The outsourced organizations are referred to as - centers for shared services – and are in charge of handling and executing of specific operational tasks, such as human resources, payroll, legal, compliance, security. Outsourcing could take the form of hiring service providers who handle the distinct business processes, for example, employee benefits management (Brown and Wilson 2005). Currently the management in the organization has not outsourced any service, but plan to use the shared services. The organization is a small computer store and has lately experience massive growth in revenues. This has brought the strain to meet the finance and administrative tasks to support the core program work. Management feels the need for a more professional touch to the operation of the organization since it is dissatisfied with the per formance of the in-house paid staff or pro bono professionals. The impact of not finding better solutions to the transactional and accounting service has been high staff turnover, inefficiency and burnout, cash flow crises, loss of funding, missed opportunities etc. At best, the negative impacts have posed as great distraction for the leaders and have stunted the growth and sustainability. The perceived benefits of using shared service centers have motivated the management to consider this outsourcing option. The decision to outsource has been put down by the strategic managers and they have arrived at that by brainstorming through the stages. First, they have developed the organization’s principal about the role of outsourcing activities by strategic thinking. Second, the evaluation and selection phase has led them to decide on the appropriate projects to consider outsourcing and the service providers to select. Third phase involved contract development, outlining the legal work and service level agreement terms. Finally management has considered refining the ongoing working relations between the clients and outsourced service providers. In the plan to use outsourcing the consideration has been the success index. This depends on three factors: timely and efficient communication to affected staff; client’s position to manage the service providers; and executive-level support in the outsourcing mission in the client organization. Management realizes that the service provider being outsourced needs a combination of skills in areas such as, communication, negotiation, project management and the ability to understand the terms and conditions of the contracts. Most importantly is the service providers’ willingness to change with the changing business needs. DQ2-Measuring return on investment (ROI) How does your company/organization measure returns on investments (ROI) in IT? What process is in place to approve  projects, and what weight, if a ny, is given to using financial metrics in the project approval process? The managing director of the computer store has established a performance measure to evaluate the efficiency of the investment in IT by the company. The ROI metric is popular in the company because of its simplicity and versatility and it can clearly show if the investment has a positive ROI or otherwise. Adopting the ROI measure was encouraged by the need to have a type of economic justification, specifically to provide the executive and strategic

Hospital Disaster Planning Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

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