Lysistrata Of Aristophanes Essays -- essays research papers fc

The Lysistrata of Aristophanes Aristophanes was a satirist who produced Lysistrata around 413 BC when the news of Athens warships had been undone near Sicily. For twenty-one years, eyepatch Athens was engaged in war, he relentlessly and wittliy attacked the war, the ideals of the war, the war party and the war spirit. This risked his acceptance and his Athenian citizenship. Lysistrata is belike the oldest comedy which has retained a place in modern theatre. It in the beginning deals with cardinal themes, war and the proponent of sexuality.. Lysistrata (an invented name meaning, She Who Puts an End to War) has summoned the women of Athens to have-to doe with her at the foot of Acropolis. She puts before them the easy invitation that they must never craft again with their husbands until the war is ended. At first, they shudder and withdraw and refuse until, with the attend to of the women from Sparta and Thebes, they are impelled to agree. The women seize the Acropolis from w hich Athens is funding the war. After days of sexually depriving their men in order to bring peace to on that point communities. They defeat back in an attack from the old men who had remained in Athens while the younger men are on their crusade. When their husbands give up from battle, the women reject sex and stand guard at Acropolis. The sex strike, envisioned in risqu& angstromeacute episodes, finally pressure the men of Athens and Sparta to consent to a peace agreement. Ancient Greece in 431 BC was not a nation. It was a collection of rival city-states that were allies with each new(prenominal) or with leading military powers. Athens was a great naval power, while Sparta relied mainly on its army for superiority. In 431 BC, these alliances went to war against each other in a conflict called the Peleponnesian War. The war, which went on for 27 years, is named for the Peloponnesus, the peninsula on which Sparta is located. As the war began, Sparta and Athens each took adva ntage of their military strengths. Sparta ravaged Attica, the grime around Athens, while the Athenian navy raided cities in Peloponnesus. This strategy lasted for two years. Meanwhile, Pericles death in 429 BC left the democracy open for opposing factions and reckless leaders who pursued their own advantages. Chief among these leaders was Alcibiades, who was as irresponsible as brilliant. By 425 BC, Spartas hopes for victory were bleak, and its leaders were tack together to ask... ... to succeed. Ending the war would be so easy that women could complete the task. Aristophanes is not one of the most profound or exalted of Greek poets, tho he is the most creative. Others deal with the world as it is, glorifying it or justifying its flaws, discovering undercover values in it and suggesting how they may be realized. Aristophanes erases the present and constructs another. He rids archives and its constraints. If war has become tiresome he makes a private treaty and fetches the god dess of Peace. If Athens has become tiresome, he builds a new one in the sky. As Lysistrata shows, he is more moved by sympathy for the barren sufferers of war than anger against the warmongers. Although caustic and good-humored, he intended to show the power lust and civil war amongst the Greeks. Works Cited Aristophanes Lysistrata. 18 September 2000. *http//www1.cc.va.us/hurst/eng251cr/* Arkins, Brian. Classics Ireland. &quotSexuality in Fifth-Century&quot. 15 September 2000. *http//www.ucd.ie/classics/94/Arkins94.html/* Hadas, Moses. Lysistrata. The consummate Plays of Aristophanes. New York, 1962. 287-328 Peleponnesian War. 16 September 2000. *http/www.library.thinkquest.org/*

A Separate Peace - Phineas And Carpe Diem :: essays research papers

"He was everywhere, he enjoyed himself hugely, he laughed out brazen-faced at passing sea gulls"(39). This line is describing Phineas, or Finny, and how he lives spiritedness to its extensiveest and seizes the day. Finny is an causa of living the "carpe diem" (seize the day) philosophy from the movie "Dead Poets Society." at that place are a few examples in the first part of this sassy of how Finny takes advantage of life. The first example is how he enjoys himself so much at the rim. gene describes how Finny has such a great time at the beach as debaten in the opening quote. He says he runs all over the place and jumps into waves, laughing at the seagulls, when most others would be lying on the beach being lazy. Another example of Finny living a full life is that he makes up his own game just because he doesnt want to waste his time playing badminton. The strange liaison is that this game turns out to be a popular game in the novel which is still played 15 years later as the author says. Finny invents this game just on a spur of the moment, making up the rules as he goes along, you can see that he certainly doesnt want to waste any of his ability. Which points you to the last example. The last example is concerning his incredible athletic ability. Finny and Gene are in the pool nonpareil day, and they read the plaque that holds the swimming record times. Finny looks at one and decides that he can beat that time record. He tries, and he beats the record. Gene wants him to do it on front of an official judge. Finny Refuses and says "No, I just precious to see if I could do it. Now I know"(35). This tells you that he lives life to its fullest, since he is just doing this to see if he can. close to people wouldnt even think about trying to see if they could break the record, they would be too lazy to go find a stop watch anyway.

Populism DBQ

In the recently nineteenth century, around 1880-1900, many farmers were experiencing problems and threats to their delegacy of life. The valid complaints of the farmers dealt with the notes put up establishment in America and the queen-sized railroad companies. In 1892, the platform for the populist Party was laid down. In this platform it is stated that the national situation to create money is appropriated to enrich bondholders thereby adding millions to the burdens of the people.This is discussing the demonetization of silver and the negative effect it has on the everyday people, such as farmers. Later on in the platform is it too discussed that silver has had widespread acceptance as a coin for a very long clip and by demonetizing it to increase the purchasing power of gold, the results are several negative consequences which will eventually lead to mischievous convulsions, the destruction of civilization, or the establishment of an absolute despotism.This unhappines s of farmers regarding the money system in the United States is also shown in a political survey from The Farmers Voice, a Chicago newspaper in the late 1880s or azoic 1890s. The cartoon entitled The Eastern Master and His Western Slaves depicts farmers as slaves to the pixilated eastern businessmen. It is representing the exploitation of the farmers and shows yet another of their economic struggles the mortgages they bore on their farms.Further evidence that supports and validates the farmers complaints about the current economic situation is found in William McKinleys acceptance speech given in Canton, Ohio on August 26, 1896. In his speech, McKinley said that even though free silver would not conf expend farming less laborious and more profitable.. farmers and laborers are the ones who suffer the sterling(prenominal) as a result of the cheap money. They are the first to musical note its bad effects and the last to recover from them . The belief that silver is the solving of the problems for farmers is strange in J.Laurence Laughlins Causes of Agricultural Unrest article in the November, 1896 discipline of Atlicantic Monthly. Laughlin describes that the increase in sum up without an increase of demand led farmers to count that silver can solve their issues by his saying, the sudden enlargement of the supply without any corresponding increase of demand produced that alarming fall in the expenditure of wheat which has been made the farmers excuse for thinking that silver is the fantasy panacea for all his illsHe then goes on to describe that farmers absorb simply pushed the blame on the scarcity of gold as opposed to realizing the actual cause is their own overproduction of wheat. The effects of the different acts and laws regarding money supply is shown in the United States government data from 1961 depicting the world of the country along side the money in circulation from the year 1865 through with(predicate) 1895. This data shows that from 1865 through 1885, the population was increasing, tho the amount of money in circulation was decreasing rapidly.This suggests that the effects of the acts and laws regarding money were resulting in the deflation of of the currency. against the railroad companies is credible because during this time period the government showed enormous favoritism towards large businesses even though the railroads were monopolies. Further discontent with monopolies is expressed in A Call to sue An Interpretation of the Great Uprising. Its Source and Causes by James B.Weaver, a Populist candidate for president in the election of 1892. Weaver described that trusts and monopolies use threats, intimidation, bribery, fraud, wreck, and pillage to impoverish the producer, drive him to a single market, reduce the price of every class of labor connected with the trade, throw out of participation large numbers of people , and finally they increase the price to the consumer .The farmers and laborers of t he late nineteenth century faced two main problems money supply and large businesses such as railroads. These issues resulted in a variety of complaints from the agriculturists, however the grievances did prove to be valid based on the evidence antecedently presented. The farmers were struggling to survive off of the small profit they received, and they suffered even further when large monopolies and railroad companies took actions that dwindled their profits further.

Motivating Teachers Essay

In todays school system where no child is left behind the instructor is set up for failure. Combined with achieving metrics on standard interrogation scores these extrinsic motivators seem to be the only thing presented to teachers today. They argon expected to be high quality teachers who are able to inspire, mentor, protrude and align lessons, differentiate instruction, craft assessments, analyze data, grade homework, connect with parents, go for discipline, promote fitness, cultivate a love of learning, write individualized breeding programs, and so on.Look at what we are expecting of our teachers today, and how we are trying to act them. The joy of instruct students to make their own decisions and succeed in bearing seems to be gone. Perhaps it is time to rethink the teaching job itself so that more people might do it well. One idea is to ready more specific teaching jobs so that each teacher isnt asked to excel at so many different tasks on a day to day basis.The idea i s to revamp the job in a way that eachows individual teachers to spend more time doing what theyre top hat at. Rocketship Education (www. rsed. org) is an example of a high-performance charter school that uses a hybrid model of classroom instruction, real-time assessments, and customized, supplementary services in its learning lab. Using this type of a method means that the positive tasks that each teacher must do have been recreated.It allows the teacher to decoct on coaching, motivating, instructing and problem solving around student issues and needs. In Boston, at that place are examples of Citizen Schools (www. citizenschools. org) which provide a new idea of who can teach. These schools leverage local professionals on a part-time basis to teach on specific topics and areas of expertise. These examples suggest opportunities to expand and better use the pool of teaching talent through smart differentiation and specialization.These methods use intrinsic penury to increase t eaching effectiveness by allowing autonomy for teachers to instruct students in the topics that they have an affinity for. It seems that current standard practice in schools has all teachersregardless of skill or demonstrated performancetaking tally turns monitoring the lunchroom, supervising bus loading, patrolling the hallways, filling out stacks of mandated paperwork, and the rest. ontogenesis in effectiveness would be shown by allowing more specialization.

BCG Matrix

The judgment of carrying your favorite medication wherever you go has incessantly been fascinating for chew all over the worldly concern for the longest condemnation. It started with carrying of stereo systems, hence came the take-away cassette players followed by the portable CD players and then in conclusion the digital music players. In 2001 the portable music players industry was revolutionized by the advent of an apples harvest-time called the iPod this came as a breath of fresh tonal pattern for music lovers all over the world and was an instant hit.The success of it raise be determined by the fact that it has become a household name a brand kn admit all over the world in much(prenominal) a short time it is single of the mellowedest tax r horizontalue generating growths for the Apple and is now the grocery store leader in reapingions of its genre. iPod Target commercialise iPods signal market has been the youth primarily who listen to music of all k inds and atomic number 18 always on the go, to a wide extently with time the target market expanded direly.Now it caters to almost ein truthone with accessories lendable it has do the music available for tidy sum where ever they are all the time. It has become part of general life of any professional who listens to music where ever he is blend ining, although through campaigns it still targets the late energetic segment of the consumer market but bene convulsions of the product are enjoyed by e reallyone (Apple Investor, 2008). Organizations arrive at now employed iPod in information of their new recruits this shows the diversity of the market that the product is now catering to.The product has gr have over the years but has kept its integrity and maintain its status as the market grew and competitors came in Apple as always tried to stay ahead of the competition by bringing human universes body in the product duration keeping the originality. The iPod now range s from iPod Classic, iPod Nano, iPod Shuffle and iPod arrive at each caters to a different segment of the society and has its own niche. Factors influencing consumer sort Factors that have the most impact on the conduct of a consumer are Psychological Personal Social Cultural (Robbins & Judge, 2004)A manger while fashioning any last about a product inevitably to keep in mind anything that falls under the lines defined by the in a eminenter place mentioned promoters. iPod on the some other hand catered to each of these factors in its own way. Psychological If we analyze the add campaigns for the iPod it would tell us that it shows bulk that iPod is a product that has been designed for people who are energetic who are young or at least olfactory modality young, the colorful pattern espouse in the ads as advant get on withously as in the product depicts that it is a product that doesnt cater to a specific class but is for everyone (BCG Expertise, 2009).Being a techn ological product it to a fault appeals to the techno side of a human mind, the desire to stay ahead of others and own an object that would be a statement for them. iPod over the years achieved this status of being a self statement for people and it is a major success of the product indeed. A apportion of people associate their choice of music with their personalities, and are very possessive about the songs they own and they listen to, the iPod enable them to keep this self-possession nigh to them and take it wherever they go and enjoy them whenever they feel like, therefrom gives them this sense of completion as healthy.Personal The appeal of the product is created towards the younger genesis primarily the students and the freshly hired professionals. The product is a little high costd that is why it has always been a status symbol as well in many societies, it is overly for the people who have some know-how of applied science and are inclined to learn more (Apple Investo r, 2008). For people of young age life is always on the move, it is very important for them to have things that are portable and are easy to carry. medical specialty is by far the favorite contribute time as well as a motivator in a way that it complements their work habits, so having a device that after part be easily carried and taken to places and can carry your favorite things is a great attraction. Social The social aspect of an iPod is on the greatest factor influencing consumer behavior. iPod from its introduction in 2001 became an instant hit and the culture of iPod started, it became a guerrilla name for music for a lot of people (Apple iPod Touch, 2009).Apple had a lot to do in bringing and enabling this culture to flourish as they kept on bringing in new singularitys and accessories for the iPod music for physical exercise the iTunes and its advances, this kept the customers involved in the product while on the other hand gave reasons to people to talk about the pr oduct hence iPod became a topic of discussion as well as the time progressed.A lot of the success of iPod has to do with peer pressure and reference groups as well, people adopt things that they see in their surroundings, or with people who they are close to. This creates a desire among them to have the same object as well, with iPod being a state of the art product the word of mouth was tremendous people couldnt stop talking about their iPods and its indications this created hype in the market about the product and more and more people bought them. CulturalWith the advancement in technology the people wanted convenience in everything and hence the involvement of technology increased day by day in a common mans life, this culture of technology also progressed with time. With this culture flourishing iPod came as a perfect fit, people were volition to adopt changes and try out new products, people were better educate and well aware of what the product was all about hence slight e ffort was required in making the people apprehend the product also it enabled people to better receive the product (iPhone 3G, 2009).The todays world has become really fast paced, time is the most pricey resource and everybody seems to be short of it in such times it was hard for people to relax at their work places or enjoy a few minutes of good music, even if they were able to they didnt feel comfortable with it. In such time iPod came as blessing as it was handy yet could carry loads of music files now people were able to enjoy their music while being at work or being busy with whatever they want to do (Bulik, 2008). Consumer bearing ModelBlack Box Model The Black Box model is divided into tether basic parts Environmental Factors Black Box Buyers Response (Daft, 2001) Environmental Factors The Environmental Factors is the basic scenario in which a consumer is dictated and has to nark a decisiveness these are his surroundings and how the product is presented to him and al so how he perceives the product, how important is it for him and does he even feel the need for the product or not. The environmental factors are further divided into two categories 1.Environment These are the conditions that the customer lives in and his surroundings, the aspects involved are the political situation of the land and its stability, this also involves the economical standing of the country the buying power of the consumer, the cultural aspect is also included in direct to analyze the fact and understand how the customer will perceive the product and also the proficient issues are also discussed for the reason that whether the society is able to adopt and understand and support the technology or not.In iPods case as the product was launched predominantly in the western markets, the environment was favorable although some problems were faced in countries else where, the financial and political support was there, the product was a perfect fit for the fast paced on t he go culture and also the technology was very well received by the audience (Robbins & Judge, 2004). 2. Marketing scheme The market aspect of the environmental factor is more company relate this is more about how the company designs its product, prices it, promotes it and defines distribution channels based on the environment discussed above (Martin, 2008).The success of iPod is an indication of its great marketing system the product was a very well thought device which catered to the consumer unavoidably perfectly, consequencely the promotion was such that it appealed to everyone and distribution channels were effective abundant that it was available everywhere. The pricing although was a little question mark the heavy(a) profit coast that the company enjoyed restricted some of the electromotive force customers from using the product but then again it was good enough to make it an extremely profitable product. Black BoxBuyers Characteristics This is the part where t he buyers spirit is involved, the attributes that give him his identity influence his decision making process. The way the buyer perceives a product, the attitude with which he receives the product, his personal likes and dislikes and also his background and his life style all combined influence the decision that he takes. The characteristics of the target market were thoroughly analyzed and were responded with a great product and a marketing strategy, the habits and interests of the young generation were very well responded.The buyers solution is considered as a rational decision based on the factors above while in reality it might not be the case, a buyer can be influenced by other factors as well, his decision doesnt have to be rational in the defined lines of the abusive box, he can be bias and unreasonable as well but even in that way he is satisfying his own need to optimum utility (BCG Expertise, 2009). The positive response to iPod from the consumers is not inevitably d ue to the fact that it caters their needs but it can also be due to the fact that the buyer wants to fit into a certain raft of people and needs iPod as a support for his status.Decision Making The second part of the black box is the buyers decision making process, it starts off with the identification of a problem that is the buyers realisation of a need or a desire, second part is the look into where the buyer looks out to play how can he fulfill his need, when he finds out ways how he can fulfill his needs then he evaluates all the pickings available to him, after the evaluation he finally comes to a conclusion and buys a product. The last part of the process is the behavior of the buyer after the purchase whether he comes back the second time or not, does he have complains, is he satisfied etc.(Martin, 2008) In the decision making process the problem was that people werent able to find a high quality digital music player that was sure yet looked good, they did their resear ch and iPod being the first of its kind was the only option available to them, after evaluating it and finding it best against the rest they bought the product. After the sales most of the customer were genuinely satisfied the evidence for which is the number of iPods sell and number of tunes downloaded from iTunes (Graham, 2008). RecommendationsPricing Strategy The iPod has always been a premium product by apple, relatively high priced but high quality the high price is primarily due to the high profit margin that is kept on each device. The survey that was conducted that was conducted was based on 4 major points 1. It was asked that which in their perspective is the best digital music player, the response was clear as more than 70 percent of the responses replied iPod this shows that iPod is positioned as the best product in the market among the consumers (Bulik, 2008). 2.On the question whether respondents owned an iPod or not around 55 percent of the respondents replied positiv ely. 3. When asked if they would want to own an iPod of their more than 90 percent replied positively this showed the great potential the product had in the market. 4. When those who didnt own an iPod already that why they didnt have an iPod the majority replied that they were not able to fall in it. Hence it can be concluded that the product has great potential and still can capture a bigger share in an already self dominated market, but the only barrier is the high price.The price needs to be lowered a bit so that affordability of the product increases. This is not just in the western nations but one of the major reasons that iPod has not been able to flourish as greatly in rest of the world is the fact that an already high priced product becomes extremely unaffordable for people of poor economies when they are caught currency exchange rates. Even these markets have tremendous potential but they fall pray to cheap Chinese copies or other portable devices when the desire to own an iPod is great.The profit margin can be reduced and the recovery can be make on other products such as the accessories and music. Music Diversity Music form different genres moldiness be added to the iTunes feature in order to attract a worldwide audience. This is the biggest internet music seller portal, late iTunes celebrated its billionth download in just 9 months, this shows that how great the operations related to iPod have become and can become even bigger if a little diversity is added (Graham, 2008). Music SharingSharing the music surrounded by two iPod users is still an issue as there is no favorable way of transferring a file from one iPod to another, although there have been attempts such as the miShare but still it is a hassle. What needs to be through with(p) is that a wireless system of transferring files between the devices must be made so that two users are able to share their songs and enjoy the music together. FM Radio iPod doesnt have an FM Radio feature the F M industry has become huge over the years and has a great fan base and listenership.Not giving such a feature is just missing on to opportunities that are quite simple to put on on, hence an FM feature needs to be added in the product. Advertisements bandage the high spirit energetic young look for advertisement must be maintained but also different campaigns must be introduced in order to attract audiences who may not like to be associated with this perception. References Apple Investor. (2008). Retrieved April 24, 2009, from http//www. apple. com/investor Apple iPod Touch. (Apple Inc.). Retrieved April 19, 2009, from http//www. apple. com/ipodtouch/ BCG Expertise. (n. d. ). Retrieved April 21, 2009, from Boston Consulting Group http//www. bcg. com/impact_expertise/publications/files/Summary_Shop_org. pdf Bulik, B. S. (June 2008). Apples iPhone steals marketing thunder from iPod. advert Age , 4-55. Daft, R. (2001). Organization Theory and Design, 9th ed. Chicago South-Western. G raham, J. (2008). Apple iPhone hasnt gotten on burgeon forth bandwagon yet. USA Today . iPhone 3G.(2008). Retrieved April 23, 2009, from http//images. apple. com/br/accessibility/pdf/iPhone_3G_vpat. pdf Martin, R. (2008). Apple Goes After employment With Phone Apps And SDK. Informationweek , 23-24. Robbins, S. P. , & Judge, T. A. (2004). Organizational Behavior. New York Pearsons. Survey High Awareness, absolute Demand for Apple iPhone. (n. d. ). Retrieved April 22, 2009, from Marketing Charts http//www. marketingcharts. com/interactive/survey-high-awareness-strong-demand-for-apple-iphone-694/

Acquainted with the Night: a Story of Night Walks Experience Essay

Robert hoars metrical composition Acquainted with the Night is told from the stagecoach of view of an unknown someone. This person tells a story about how he/she has dartn numerous late night walks, specifically in the rain. exploitation tone, diction, the claim, structure imagery, and language, Frost writes a rime about a persons late night experiences to relate to similar experiences that a referee may capture encountered.With Frosts word choice and the title he chooses to tell this story, the poem summates to exhibit a gloomy tone. at once after reading the title of the poem, it can be derived that the line of works to follow go forth chronicle some form of shadowness because the word Night in the title is a natural embodiment of darkness itself. To help reward the gloomy tone initiated with the title of the poem, Frost chooses words such as rain, down, saddest, dropped, and cry to populate the body of his poem. It should also be noted that the speaker unit in th e poem is constantly distancing himself/herself from life and light as he/she out walks the furthest metropolis light, tries to hide from the watchman, is far away from an off-and-on(a) cry, and is further still from the light of the moon. The fact that the speaker is unidentified gives more support for the poems gloomy tone. These elements, the tone, title and diction used, contribute to Frosts purpose for the poem because they characterize the dark setting that allows the poet to write a story that is both believable and easy to relate to.Frost applies a structure and an aspect of imagery to the poem that allows it flow nicely enchantment distinguishing each separate occurrence that the speaker mentions as he/she tells the story. Frost uses assonance as he rhymes night with light, lane with explain, feet with street, good-bye with sky, and recompense with night in an ABA rhyming pattern for each three line stanza and an AA pattern for the final two line stanza. These end rhymes give the poem rhythm. The poet also uses symbolism when talking about the aspects of night versus light. Darkness seems to come from the below and light from above as Frost writes of a city light and a luminary light against the sky.The darkness in contrast is seen far away from the lights and further from the sky. By utilizing components of the material language in the poem, Frost emphasizes important points that he wants his audience to take note of to make the scenarios he discusses in the poem easier to understand. The poet uses the strategy of repeating a number of multiplication as the words I have begin all three lines of the first stanza, the first two lines of the stake stanza, the first line of the second stanza, disappears from the fourth stanza, and reappears in the fifth stanza and the utmost(a) line of the poem. Frost does this to highlight that the speaker of the poem is familiar with the dark of the night.In addition, the phrase acquainted with the night is, inc luding the title, repeated three times in the poem to underline the fact the speaker is indeed kinda familiar with the scenarios that he/she is describing. Through tone, diction, the title, structure, imagery, and language, Robert Frost tells the story of how and why the speaker has become acquainted with the night with the purpose of relating what takes place in the poem to similar ordeals that a reader may have experienced. The poet makes the tone of the poem dark and gloomy so that the words the speaker says contain a more sinister and powerful weight to them. This helps to make the poem olfactory property like an adventure.

Events in Eiffel Tower

In this report I will be discussing many things about the Eiffel dominate. Such topics atomic number 18 when the Eiffel Tower was build, how it was designed, and who the house decorator was. I will also tell you about how it was and how it is now utilize in Paris. I will also state the time and materials utilize to build the Eiffel Tower. I will tell you about Alexandre Gustave Eiffel, the architect and constructor of the Eiffel Tower. The Eiffel Tower was reinforced by a man by the call off of Alexandre Gustave Eiffel. Gustave Eiffel was born in the year of 1832 in Dijon and attended the Ecole des humanities et Manufactures in Paris.In school he specialized in the surface area of design of large metal structures. He then established his sustain business in Paris in 1867 and quickly established his constitution with make. He was responsible for such things as the first to use blotto air for underwater caissons, such as on the railway line duad over the Carunne at Borde auz. Gustave Eiffel has built a series of ambitious railway bridges, of which span across the Dovso at Oportu, Portugal, was the longest at 525 feet (or 160 meters). therefore in 1881 he provided the iron skeleton for the Statue of Liberty.He also helped in the French attempt at the Panama Canal, where he designed and part constructed huge locks. past the project collapsed in 1893 and Eiffel went to prison for cardinal old age. In 1900 he took up aerodynamics and worked with that until his death in 1923. Then 1889 Eiffel built his most pop project ever. His most popular project is the Eiffel Tower, which was begun in the year 1885 and finished in the year 1889. It was originally built for the earths Fair or Centennial Exposition of 1889 to commemorate the hundredth anniversary of the French Revolution.It took him a year to design it and three days to build the tallest structure of that time. The structure was meant to be disassembled after the human races Fair was over in t he year, but was preserved for other fall apart uses. The materials utilize to build the huge structure were 7,742 tons of iron, 2-1/2 gazillion rivets, and 15,000 pieces of metal. That which brings us to the process of building. To build the bulk large, the workers would first fabricate all the separate in a welding shop, then number them, and send them to the sight.The building design was to be built with cross-braced lattice girders or a diagonal brace, which runs from vertical support to vertical support, which allows very little movement. Even in hurricane strength winds there would be only 8. 8 inches (or 22 centimeters) of movement. solely the highest quality wrought iron. The Eiffel Tower is resting on 25 square initiation (or 2. 25 square meter) masonry piers. The piers are set in seven feet (or two meters) of concrete far below background knowledge. The tower has three above ground stages.Below the first platform, which is at the height of 188 feet (or 57 meters), the four legs are connected by structurally sound arches. The second platform is place at 380 feet (or 115 meters) where the legs are brought almost completely together. Then the ternion platform is 911 feet (or 276 meters) above the ground. Above the net platform is the lantern, which warn airplanes above, and the final terrace. Then in 1959 the addition of a radio antenna raise the height of the tower from about 990 feet (or 300 meters) to 1,056 feet (or 320 meters).The tower is now used for other things. The Eiffel Tower in Paris, France is located in the Champ de Mars, on the south bank of the River Seine. Its uses have diversely changed through with(predicate)out the years. After 1889 and the destruction of the Worlds Fair, Gustave Eiffel spent his time to save his monument and divulge new and profitable uses for the tower. He supervised changes to accommodate a meteoric station in 1890, a military cable station in 1903, and laboratories for studying aerodynamics in 19 09. Then in 1900, 1923, and 1937 further modifications were added.The tower was then used for radio and television transmission, as a meteoric recording station, and has a restaurant and office space. Then for many years the Eiffel Tower was owned by a public firm and was in need of repairs. Then in 1981, the government of Paris took over its management. Then in the years 1981 to 1983, the tower underwent serious renovations and reconstruction in grooming for its 100th anniversary in 1989. The remodeling cost over $40 million, and bare(a) all the paint off down to the girders, removed the excess weight, and built new lighter buildings within the tower.The current state of the first take aim is three glass-enclosed structures a museum and the Cinema, which shows films about the tower. The central level is made up of two of its own sections, each of which has a restaurant Le Perisien, on the lower section, and La Belle France, on the upper section. The third level is the Salle Gus tave Eiffel, which provides spaces for conferences, expositions, pagan events, and social gatherings. Also on the second level is a pungency bar and souvenir shop.There are also glass-enclosed elevators, which take you to the first and second levels. To conclude my report I would like to say my position of this beautiful structure and how it has always been one of the most visited monuments in the safe and sound world. The Eiffel Tower is Paris most loved monuments and will probably neer be disliked. The beautiful structural design and architecture just surprises me for its age. So, a masterpiece that was supposed to be torn down after the Worlds Fair has lived a much longer life, a 102-year life.The Eiffel Tower was used in many collectors plates in its early life. The most popular plates number over 82 today. In its life time, the Eiffel Tower has been visited by over 2. 5 million people and is still today a tourist trap so from a French military telegraph station to restaura nts and souvenir stores, the Eiffel Tower has lived trough it all. The Eiffel Tower also went through two world wars, Vietnam, Persian Gulf, and Desert Storm, so never uncertainty the strength of a worldwide known monument.

American Sign Language Essay

For years psychologists stick out debated and essay to find out how our individual behaviour is gained- are we born with it or do we gain it through experience? M whatsoever psychologists have tried to find ways in which they back end measure if our behaviour is learnt or catching but these psychologists have encountered problems while doing so. One problem that psychologists have when investigating whether behaviour is learned or get is actually decision a task that can be given to all of the divers(prenominal) participants.Psychologists carrying out an experiment to find out about behaviour usually have participants which are distinguishable in some way, for example different sexes, different civilizations, different levels of learning. Deregowski conducted a cross cultural experiment to visit if people from different cultures perceive pictures the corresponding. He found that the African children exhausted a lot of time looking at the pen and melodic theme as th ey had never before seen or used them in their life. The same task has to be given to all of the participants as the same pendent variable is being measured and this is a big problem as it decreases the reli aptitude of the results.An other problem is that it is very difficult to separate genetic science and our experience as we begin learning from the moment we are born. This makes it ambitious to find a task that can measure just the intelligence we are born with because as long as we are on this planet, we are constantly learning new things that make us more intelligent. Gould carried out an experiment to measure peoples natural happy ability (the intelligence we are a born with which is unaffected by culture and educational opportunities).The experiment clearly didnt measure native quick-witted ability, as you needed to know about American culture to answer the caputs. Even thought the experiment was biased and favoured Americans, it is still a good example of how diffic ult it is to measure our native keen ability because Goulds aim for the experiment was to measure this but this obviously turn up to be very difficult. Other psychologists have tried to measure the intellectual ability we are born with but some(prenominal) have began to question whether we can ever make a task that measures our native intellectual ability.The except way we come very close to separating our learned and inherited ability is if we separate two identical gibe at stimulate and put them into different environments. We could put one into an environment where a very minimal amount of behaviour is learnt from experience. For example we could put the twin into an alter room with no contact with the outside world and hardly any human contact (somewhat manage a prison).The other twin can lead a normal life by going to school, interacting with other people etc. We can then observe the two twins in later life and if their behaviour is very similar or the same, it proves t hat behaviour is inherited. If the twin who lived in the outside world is more real that the twin who was shut away from the world, it would prove that our behaviour is gained through experience. This is the solo ideal way to investigate whether behaviour is learned or inherited but is this method ethical?Gardner & Gardner wanted to see whether a chimpanzee could communicate in American Sign Language and the only way they could investigate their aim was to treat a chimpanzee like a human and take it out of its natural habitat. They proved that a chimpanzee could communicate in ASL but the experiment was criticised by many people who thought it was unethical.

Cultural identity Essay

According to Bloch, the ultrasocial and communicative nature of the human species makes the desire for a unequaled sense of belonging a deep-seated need. Identification with a special(prenominal) community, whether it is a distinct cultural identity or a sub gloss of socio-political beliefs helps see this need. This is not to say the desire for cultural identity rests on the comparable psychological drive or libidinal charge that powers fashion or gestation.It is important to distinguish that need from these desires, as cultures be not upright surface properties distinguished only by flavor and aesthetics, instead they rebel natur totallyy from the unique properties of the geography that spawn them. Archaeologist Paul Bidwell notes that the triumph of many empires such(prenominal) as those of the Roman Empire quite maybe has more to do with their ability to accommodate diverging cultures.Areas which were successfully Romanized such as southern Britannia were won over by invi ting the ruling classes to dinner, composition Celtic chiefs disinterested in Roman culture were never successfully incorporated into the pre-modern proto-melting pot that was the Roman Empire. In essence, Bidwell asserts that the Roman Empires assimilation policy rested entirely on a dominion of minimizing the amount of intervention necessary to secure imperial interests such as the food supply provided by Egyptian agriculture, limiting their actions entirely to structured forms of co-optation legislation, taxes and the requisitioning of goods.Bloch concurs, noting that when an empire begins to disrupt the social fabric of a culture, that care begins. This is not unlike the present state of the accidental empire of the united States, which as a melting pot (or salad bowl, depending on who you ask) is remarkably tolerant of other cultures to the extent that it does not threaten the status quo.Globalization permits the fulfillment of the desire for individual cultural belongin g by making all sorts of cultural identities permissible by deoxyadenosine monophosphatelifying their importance in relation to an American past that had previously been subject to the hegemony of European culture. Because cultural diversity is at one time more relevant to the economic and political concerns of the United States, they are like a shot considered more relevant to individuals by making the range of identity scene more permissible.If the United States is the Roman Empire, then it has now begun to authoritativeize that it is no longer practical to keep the cultures of Celts and Egyptians at arms length. For congressman, European cultures relationship with the United States resembles that of the relationship between classical culture to the Roman Empire, while many other cultures stand in for the Celts which are largely held up as valuable assets to be accommodated into a global economy that has been enabled by digital telecommunications technologies.Jerry Mander a rgues that whatever criticisms can be leveled against free trade agreements and other room by which nation states and multinational corporations exert commercial and political hegemony, these acts are merely external homogenization processes, and as such, a truly efficient and successful homogenization of culture relies on the ever expanding range of communication technologies such as TV and the Internet.Global telecommunications are in essence, internal homogenization forces that speak instantaneously into the minds of people everywhere, imprinting them with a co-ordinated pattern of thought, a unified set of imagery and suppositions, a single framework of understanding for how liveness should be lived, thus carrying the homogenization and commodification mandate directly inside the brain. For example, Todd Gitlin argues that the increase influence of Hollywood on the international film market check essentially rewritten the parameters by which filmmakers produce their film s, effectively washing away the paradigms of filmmaking that are unique to various cultures as well as reengineering local tastes. Gitlin does not suggest that differences in cultural content have been eradicated, but rather, the models and designs of American entertainment have become the most far-flung, successful and consequential.However, Soraj Hongladarom does defend the idea that digital telecommunications do not necessarily erode notions of local culture, presenting an example in which one thrives in spite of globalizing effects of such. In an examen of Siamese based newsgroup culture, he notes that the Internet replicates the heterogeneity of local cultures victimisation it, rather than subsuming them into one homogenous whole.Hongladarom thus concludes that what the Internet does, is create an umbrella culture under which disparate cultures can communicate Thai attitudes toward the CMC technologies, especially the Internet, seem to show that the technologies only serve a s a means that makes communication possible, communication which would take place anyway in rough other form if not on the Internet Cyberspace mirrors real space, and vice versa. Works Cited Bidwell, Paul. Roman Forts in Britain. Wiltshire English Heritage, 2007. Gitlin, Todd. Media Unlimited How the soaker of Images and Sounds Overwhelms Our Lives.New York Henry Holy and Company, 2002. Hongladarom, Soraj. Global Culture, Local Cultures and the Internet The Thai Example. C. Ess and F. Sudweeks (eds). Proceedings Cultural Attitudes Towards Communication and Technology 98, University of Sydney, Australia, 231-245. Retrieved May 6, 2008 at http//www. it. murdoch. edu. au/sudweeks/catac98/pdf/19_hongladarom. pdf Mander, Jerry. The Homogenization of Global Consciousness Media, Telecommunications and Culture. Lapis Magazine. Retrieved on May 6, 2006 from http//www. lapismagazine. org/index. php? option=com_content&task=view&id=120&Itemid=2

Demonstrative Communication Paper Essay

Demonstrative talk consists of accepting and s give the sacking messages that stool be silent this prat help give attention for the commence of vocal talk thus far though a non vocal conference can transmit the message all by itself. An ex deoxyadenosine monophosphatele of this would be facial expressions, which can be used to express most non verbal colloquys. tally to Nayab corpse language along with facial expressions represent 55% of all dialogue. With gushing(prenominal) colloquy it can highlight the verbal communication for instance appropriately dressed, a nice firm handshake and conducting oneself in a professional manner while on employment interviews.an some other(prenominal) example would be when two people meet for the first while demonstrative communication can either show that the other somebody is either tender or unpleasant by just facial expression the word hello. The facial expression of a grin can separate out whether the person is in good spi rits and have a friendly personality. A good way to figure this out without the verbal communication would be the smile and other gestures through the nonverbal communication of the other person. An example of this would be a two people doing business in concert and when they meet for the first time and both business men smile at each other. This would be a nonverbal communication. The way that a persons personality is shown is through their nonverbal communication.Demonstrative communication can go both ways in being efficacious and negative. in that location are many different facts that play into the nonverbal communication, equal the clothes that people wear, their tattoos and possibly their hairstyles. Although these types of communications are nonverbal it does bring forth some people a little uneasy about how they cover up their business with someone with this type of communication. It does non matter what the tattoo is of. It can be misunderstood by the person that is viewing the symbol and the person with the tattoo will be labeled as a lump or someone that you should not do business with. That is why body language and facial expressions can be very important when it comes to demonstrative communication.An example of body language that can be misunderstood would be when two people are talking and one person has their gird folded across their chest. This can be perceived as the person not get a lineing or being considered overprotective of themselves and will not channelize criticism lightly. The person with the folded arms could just be cold or it is a learned gesture from their parents and that is how they listen. This is why many people would go for that demonstrative communication should not only have the nonverbal only if also the verbal to go along with it so that people do not have any misunderstandings and the issue can be handled properly.According to Sutton, a person cannot fully deliver the anecdote of the day to anyone miss words, except if the person can mime the entire tale (Sutton, 2011). even off if the person is able to mime they cannot express the entire issue perfectly. There has to be some degree of distance. This type of communication cannot always be expressed perfectly. An example of this would be that a person cannot convey the nonverbal communication over the phone and the person on the other end only has the verbal patch of the communication and might take something the malign way because they are not able to see the nonverbal part of the communication and that is where misunderstandings come in. scarce like all other types of communication demonstrative communication requires listening and responding. It has been verbalise time and time again that people receive more than loveledge from someones actions more than their words. There are times when a person needs to listen not only with their ears but also with their eyes. An example of this would be when a new student has to get u p in cause of the programme and introduce themselves, at first the new student may cast their eyes like so many do because they already know that it is hard enough to start school as the new put on but to have to stand up in front of everyone makes things even more intense.So the other kids have seen the new student thread their eyes but they also have to listen to what is being said because the action was just an annoyance for having to stand up in front of everyone. It is important to remember to listen as well as winning in the scene of what is going on around them. Both the verbal and nonverbal communication will create the listening and response verbalism of the communication.In todays world all around us there are people unknowingly using demonstrative communication. Just by smiling at their neighbor or waving at someone they are using demonstrative communication. Even though this communication can be misinterpreted or misunderstood it is still wise to try and liste n to see if there is anything that the person is also saying.ReferencesReferencesCheesebro, T., OConnor, L., & Rios, F. (2010). Communicating in the workplace. Upper SaddleRiver, NJ assimilator Hall. Nayab, N. (2010, July 26).Different types of communication. Retrieved from http//www.brighthub.com/office/project-management/articles/79297.aspxSutton, N. (2011, March 26). Pros and cons of nonverbal communication.

Ideal Home Description Essay

The commencement exercise steps onto the property lead to a lavish driveway. at that maculation is a huge automated gate in front for privacy. cart track par all in allel to the cream colo reddened cover driveway are corners on both sides. The large booming trees shade the driveway when it is sunny out. bolt deplete the driveway put off to the side is a massive garage. The garage, equal the home, is built with brick. Set off to the good, the garage can hold up to phoebe bird cars. The doors of the garage are a maroon color that matches the window sills of the home. Moving back off to the unexpended, walking upon the home, at that place is a wide porch.It takes five steps to get to the top, and to see two pillars comporting guard by the door. The pillars stand short and stocky, colored want ivory pearls. Pushing finished the heavy red door with an odd shaped black branding iron door handle leads to the spacious foyer. Beside the left of the door inside the direct ionie foyer rests a hefty table to be used for direct and other things from the outside world that do not require flying attention. To the right there are hooks to hang coats and keys. Also on a slumper floor the hooks is a rack for shoes that sits on a comminuted wood floor.Moving along through the foyer there is a large expansive staircase. The staircase slightly curves and leads into a hallway of fashions. in that respect are three agencys on each side of the stairs. The first door on the right side of the stairs is brown. The room is multi-colour a very bright gullible color with auburn carpet. within the room there are many toys. at that place are toys of all kinds there are stuffed animals, dolls, cards, board games, and more. The door crossways from the toy room is a little brighter then the others. Walking in this door, there appears to be not much in it.The walls are the color of a whacky blue sky with clouds and a nice light brown bamboo floor. It has large expanding windows for the sunlight to easily come in. there are many chairs to linger in and a few spa chairs in the back corner. There is a pressing on the right of the room that is filled with towels, lotions, creams, and etcetera Leaving this room, there is one(a) door left at the repeal of this side. Here is the largest room to explore yet. The walls are a calm and get on with dim red like the color of blood. The floors are a ugliness neat bamboo. There are bright snowy carvings into the wall that feature bookcases.Each wall is lined with them and is stocked with books. In the very back of the room there is a fireplace with a shaggy green carpet in front of it. Two narrow long windows stand at the side of the fireplace. There are two brown armchairs spilt by a love couch in the middle of the same color. In the middle of the room, there are also a few low level bookcases filled with books. Leaving this room and entering the first room on the left side of the stairs, th ere is a expert bathroom. The walls are a brilliant blue color with eggshell colored tiles. There is a closet to the left full with toiletries.The his and her lower is an intense red along with the toilet. The shower, which is also a tub, has a stainless brand name door. The towel rack on the door holds blue towels that match the blue rug placed in front of the shower. Right between the door and the sink, a woven light brown hamper is placed to throw irritating clothes in. Out of the bathroom and moving along to the room across the hall is a door full of pictures. Inside the room there are vivid golden walls and bamboo flooring. Covering most of the floor is a gigantic purple rug. There is a desk in the top left corner of the room encased with papers and projects.A computer and reversal struggle to stay on top of all the work. Arranged in the right corner is a sissy sized fill out with a huge mahogany chest in front of it. The ceiling has a glow-in-the-dark universe full with stars and planets. There is one large dresser by the door stuffed with clothes. The closet on the other side is filled with shoes, coats, and dresses. The stick up room to explore upstair is also quite massive, but not as giant as the room full of books. It has a queen sized bed in the middle where the floor is elevated. On one side there are two medium sized dressers line the shady orange wall.On the other is an entertainment system full of the latest gadgets and a flat screen TV. There is a closet spewing clothes and shoes. The floor is tan colored carpet. Going back down the stairs and through the foyer is the kitchen. The kitchen has a large stainless steel refrigerator full of the healthiest and some of the most unhealthiest foods. Next to the refrigerator is a gas oven. There is an iscommonwealth in the middle with three bar stools. In the island there is also a stainless steel sink and cabinets underneath. The cabinets nigh the kitchen are mahogany colored to set off the pale white walls.They are filled with pots, pans, spices, and food. Also in the kitchen to match most of the shack are more bamboo flooring. Through the kitchen to the right is the dining room. A stout dinning room table stands center with many chairs encasing it. The room has tan walls and polished dark flooring. There is an abstract arrangement of light fixtures hanging higher up the table for decoration. There is another bathroom behind the dining room that resembles the previous one take downed. Back through the kitchen and to the left is the largest room in the house. It is the financial support room.Full of everything that is in a living room like a fireplace, TV, entertainment system with a stereo, and etc. The walls are a calm green color, and the floors are bamboo. Through the living room exhalation back to the front of the house, there is the repress bedroom. It contains a king-sized bed for everyone to crawl into. There are two large dressers, a come in closet ins ide a walk-in closet, and a bathroom that replicates the upstairs bathroom but twice the size. The main difference is the whirlpool virulent tub in the far back. The other way through the living room, heading to the back of the house, leads to a patio.The patio holds sitting chairs and is a place to relax. It has a great view of the swimming pool and the enormous back g-force. The yard contains a mini play-set with swings, a slide, and a jungle gym. A tree house was built in the far perimeter of the owned land property. There is a bevy of grass area for kids and pets to run near on. Also the tennis and basketball courts are on the far right side of the lawn. Next to the patio there is a hand-build staircase that leads to the basement. The basement is a storage area filled with cold concrete flooring and unpainted drywall. It has one small room for guest with secure a bed and a small dresser.Next to it is a small bathroom with just a standing shower, a toilet, and a sink which a re all pearly white. Going back up the spiral staircase directs to the rear of the home. It illustrates the expansive lifestyle of the owners. Having six rooms upstairs used for multiple purposes, only two being bedrooms, and one a bathroom is a great deal. Along with the large living room, master bedroom, kitchen, and dining room, there are oodles of chores to be kept. Keeping aid in the abundant amount of rooms is hard work. Not to mention the total outside area that also needs to be comfortably kept. This is an ideal home for families.

Mozart vs. Beethoven

Arts and Culture 2 Mozart vs. Beethoven Paper 3/21/12 Mozart vs. Beethoven In the eighteenth genius C, the middle screen made a lot much money. During the Classical finis, the middle crystalize had a tremendous influence on medicinal drug. They cherished to hear concertos and symphonies. They wanted their children to learn great music and play instruments. The composers began writing music that was gear towards the middle class because they could make a better living if they enjoyed the music being play. They wrote music that was easier for their students to understand and play.Serious music changed into comic operas, or normal folk tunes, and trip the light fantastic music. This was a good thing it shaped dance and music foralways. Mozart and Beethoven were both master composers in the 18th century classical music era. Classical music emphasized the different moods of music throughout one song, as it fluctuated with the composers emotions. There is a voluminous variety o f rhythmic patterns, that created the composers thoughts. Classical music has a lot to a greater extent than homophonic texture. The melodies were balanced, symmetrical, and a whole lot easier to remember.Beethoven and Mozart atomic number 18 the deuce more or less all- all important(predicate)(prenominal) musicians of their time. Their pieces are everlasting and will live on forever. Their styles are so unique and uplifting that they could never be matched. They were truly masterminds as they played in the same time period only their lives were enormously different. There are some similarities and many differences between the two of them yet one fact will al government agencys remain They are the interchange and right about vital take off of all music. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was one of the most important melodic groundbreakers we check ever seen in our lifetime.His style of music dish outed re-shape music, the way it was played, and the Classical period. Mozart was b orn in Salzburg, Austria in 1756. Mozart was a child prodigy, claiming most of his success in his youth. At the age of six, Mozart could play the harpsichord and fiddle genuinely well. At this time he was able to improvise fugues, economize minuets, and read music perfectly. At the age of eight, he wrote a unison and at eleven, he wrote an oratorio. Then, at the age of twelve he wrote a great opera. Mozarts father was Leopold Mozart, who happened to be a court musician.Both Mozart and Beethoven had help from their fathers in many different ways. Mozarts father helped him travel around as a young musician and he traveled many places and he seen many well-known people and aristocrats. Because of Mozarts early successes many challenges had pass part of his life. He had very high expectations from the community and from his father. Unlike, Beethoven, Mozart was spoiled as a youth and because of this he refused to be treated as a servant. He completely relied on his fathers help and refused to work with the archbishop.This would become a problem by and by when Mozart did non develop enough initiative. Because of that he could not make decisions on his own. Then at age 25, Mozart skint free from Salzburg and became a great freelance musician in Vienna. This is where Mozart order and started some of his success. Mozart earned his living giving lessons to people and holding concerts. Mozart later wrote his piece Don Giovanni and then The marriage of Figaro and these were great pieces for his time. Eventually, Mozarts popularity disapeared and his music was open to be very complicated and hard to follow.Mozarts music was very various and his masterpieces had been in many forms. His piano concertos were and still are very important and very popular pieces. Mozart was also a master of the opera. As he wrote many popular operas in his time. During his last year, he was much more successful. He wrote an opera and a Requiem, which he never did finish. Mozarts great honey in his work can be herd and felt in various works and in his style. It is of the utmost perfection and can not be replicated. Mozart died in 1791, in Vienna at the age of just 35.Ludwig Van Beethoven came in the later part of the Classical Period and helped bridge this period into the Romantic era. Beethoven is considered by many one of the greatest musicians to ever play and was a mere genius. His influence in music is still noticed and recognizes to twenty-four hours and will continue to be herd, felt and recognized throughout time. Beethovens pieces being as dramatic and profound as they are will never be lost as time goes on. Beethoven was born in Bonn, Germany in 1770. He was born into a family of musicians.Beethoven was not the child star that Mozart was but he did accomplish many things as a youth. Beethoven played for Mozart at age sixteen. Mozart said, Keep your eyes on him some day he will give the world something to talk about. When Beethoven was 22 he decided t o leave Germany and go to Vienna, to study with Joseph Haydn. Beethoven had a very rough upbringing, because his father was an alcoholic and was a very scurrilous person. Many of Beethovens works are and were based on the horrendous experiences he had growing up.Beethoven had two brothers, they were both younger than him. Beethovens father died when he was young, which agonistic him to take care of his family. Beethoven was self-educated, very vain and a very self-absorbed man. He had very high expectations for himself and was practically said to have a very rude and disastrous behavior. Beethoven refused to be a servant or treated like one and refused to be told what to do, claiming that he should be treated as an artist and that he deserved more respect than the average person. Beethoven was struck with what was his greatest downfall comely deaf.This occurred in 1802 when doctors learned that he was becoming deaf and there was energy that they could do to stop it. This impairm ent reshaped his music completely. This led the way to a very tense and exciting side of his pieces that no one ever seen. Beethovens music differs with Mozarts and is more intense and had a greater range of assemble and dynamics. Beethovens greatest pieces were his symphonies. And are still heard today as often as they were in his days. Beethoven was a very good innovator with his own variations to music.Compared to Mozart, Beethoven tried to unify contrasting movements by utilize musical continuity. Often times Beethovens music did not have a clear ending and was dragged out a bit longer than anticipate to be. Beethoven died in 1827, in Vienna. Beethoven gave his first public mien (playing piano) when he was eight and had his first piece of music published by the time he was 12 years old. In conclusion, Mozart and Beethoven had a great influence in the change of music in the 18th century. They played, conducted, and composed music that came completely from their heart.They ma de people very euphoric and entertained people. They opened up a doorway to what we call musical expression. We would probably still be in the Baroque era, if it werent for these two genius music composers. Work Cited http//www. kidzworld. com/article/1292-wolfgang-amadeus-mozart-biographyixzz1prb4fYP0 http//www. ipl. org/div/michist/clas/mozart. hypertext mark-up language www. biography. com/people/wolfgang-mozart-9417115 www. lvbeethoven. com/Bio/BiographyLudwig. html www. biography. com/people/ludwig-van-beethoven-9204862 And The Movie Amadeus

Reflection on Culture Shock

Last class, the professor let us capture a picture. The picture tells us unlike America, Canada likes salad distinct people sack go into its culture and do not need to throw its have culture, like a melting pot. I think this metaphor is really vivid. In my eyes, Canadian is more friendly and more kind than American. When I charm on the bus, I see various people from different countries. And they talk about something together, very happy and harmonious.If we bump somebody at school accidently, you will find that before you say sorry to him, he will say sorry to you. At first I savour strange about that. I bump to him, why he bustt angry and say sorry to me? When I back home plate I ask my home stay mother, she verbalise Canadian is very polite. If you get lost and ask a guy how to get the destination, he will tell you in detail as if he is unnerved of you getting lost.Few days ago, after I had supper in East, I want to buy some Korea food, I know there has a supermarket ne ar the restaurant, but I do not know how to get there. So I look around to think the way. Then a man came to me and asked Can I help you? You look confused fair(a) now. Where do you want to go? I told him the name of the supermarket and he said follow me, I lead you to there. I appreciated him and got there. So from my experience, I like this diverse cultural atmosphere, I always think that I am a lucky dog I come to this great(p) culture family

Chapter 7 The Boggart in the Wardrobe

Malfoy didnt reappear in break upes until late on atomic number 90 morning, when the Slytherins and Gryffindors were halfway through double Potions. He swaggered into the dungeon, his right arm c e genuinelywhere in bandages and bound up in a sling, acting, in arouses opinion, as though he were the heroic survivor of some dreadful battle.How is it, tartar? simpered Pansy Parkinson. Does it hurt much?Yeah, verbalise Malfoy, move on a brave sort of grimace. alone Harry saw him wink at Crabbe and Goyle when Pansy had reck whizd knocked neck forth(p)side.Settle d bear, settle down, express professor Snape idly.Harry and Ron scow lead at each early(a) Snape wouldnt feature up utter settle down if theyd walked in late, hed deplete given them detention. besides Malfoy had eternally been able to quarter by with either matter in Snapes classes Snape was head of Slytherin House, and gener all toldy favored his own students above all others.They were making a new potion t oday, a Shrinking Solution. Malfoy set up his caldron right next to Harry and Ron, so that they were preparing their ingredients on the same patch slay.Sir, Malfoy called, sir, Ill take help cutting up these daisy root, because of my arm Weasley, cut up Malfoys root for him, express Snape without feeling up.Ron went brick red. on that points nonhing wrong with your arm, he hissed at Malfoy.Malfoy smirked across the table.Weasley, you heard professor Snape cut up these root.Ron seized his knife, pulled Malfoys roots towarfared him, and began to chop them roughly, so that they were all different sizes.prof, drawled Malfoy, Weasleys mutilating my roots, sir.Snape approached their table, stared down his hooked nose at the roots, because gave Ron an unpleasant smile from beneath his long, greasy down in the gumshield hair.Change roots with Malfoy, Weasley. tho, sir Ron had spent the last quarter of an hour carefully shredding his own roots into exactly equal pieces.Now, giv e tongue to Snape in his most dangerous theatrical role.Ron shoved his own beautifully cut roots across the table at Malfoy, accordingly took up the knife over again.And, sir, Ill need this shrivelfig struggle, give tongue to Malfoy, his verbalize full of malevolent laughter.Potter, you can skin Malfoys shrivelfig, utter Snape, giving Harry the matter of abhor he always reserved just for him.Harry took Malfoys shrivelfig as Ron began toilsome to repair the damage to the roots he now had to use. Harry skinned the shrivelfig as fast as he could and flung it thorn up across the table at Malfoy without speaking. Malfoy was smirking more broadly than ever.Seen your pal Hagrid lately? he asked them quietly.none of your business, said Ron jerkily, without looking up.Im afraid he wont be a instructor much longer, said Malfoy in a tone of mock sorrow. Fathers not very happy about my injury Keep talking, Malfoy, and Ill give you a real injury, snarled Ron.?C hes complained to the school g everywherenors. And to the Ministry of Magic. Fathers got a lot of influence, you know. And a lasting injury same(p) this &8212 he gave a long, fake respire &8212 who knows if my armll ever be the same again?So thats why youre entrapting it on, said Harry, accidentally beheading a dead caterpillar because his exit was shaking in anger, To try to get Hagrid fired.Well, said Malfoy, lowering his voice to a whisper, partly, Potter. But in that respect are other benefits too. Weasley, slice my caterpillars for me.A few cauldrons away, Neville was in trouble. Neville regularly went to pieces in Potions lessons it was his worst subject, and his great business of professor Snape do things ten times worse. His potion, which was supposed to be a bright, acid green, had sour &8212Orange, Long riddle, said Snape, ladling some up and allowing to splash back into the cauldron, so that everyone could save in.Orange. Tell me, boy, does anything penetrate that thick skull o f yours? Didnt you hear me say, quite clearly, that totally one cat spleen was needed? Didnt I state evidently that a dash of leech juice would suffice? What do I have to do to make you understand, Longbottom?Neville was pink and trembling. He looked as though he was on the verge of tears.Please, sir, said Hermione, please, I could help Neville cat it right I dont remember asking you to show mutilate, Miss Granger, said Snape coldly, and Hermione went as pink as Neville. Longbottom, at the end of this lesson we pull up stakes run for a few drops of this potion to your toad and empathize what happens. Perhaps that result gain ground you to do it properly.Snape moved away, leaving Neville breathless with fear.Help me he moaned to Hermione.Hey, Harry, said Seamus Finnigan, leaning everywhere to borrow Harrys brass scales, have you heard? day by day Prophet this morning &8212 they reckon Sirius Blacks been sighted.Where? said Harry and Ron quickly. On the other side of the ta ble, Malfoy looked up, listening closely.Not too far from here, said Seamus, who looked excited. It was a Muggle who saw him. Course, she didnt really understand. The Muggles think hes just an ordinary criminal, dont they? So she phoned the predict hot line. By the time the Ministry of Magic got there, he was gone.Not too far from here Ron repeated, looking significantly at Harry. He turn just about and saw Malfoy watching closely. What, Malfoy? Need something else skinned?But Malfoys eyeball were shining malevolently, and they were fixed Harry. He leaned across the table.Thinking of trying to stay Black single-handed, Potter?Yeah, thats right, said Harry offhandedly.Malfoys thin mouth was veer in a mean smile.Of course, if it was me, he said quietly, Id have make something earlier now. I wouldnt be staying in school deal a nigh boy, Id be out there looking for him.What are you talking about, Malfoy? said Ron roughly.Dont you know, Potter? breathed Malfoy, his pale eyeba ll narrowed.Know what?Malfoy let out a low, sneering laugh.Maybe youd rather not guess your neck, he said. Want to leave it to the Dementors, do you? But if it was me, Id inadequacy revenge. Id bleed him down myself.What are you talking about? said Harry angrily, exclusively at that import Snape called, You should have finished adding your ingredients by now this potion needs to stew before it can be drunk, so clear away while it simmers and then well test LongbottomsCrabbe and Goyle laughed openly, watching Neville sweat as he stirred his potion feverishly. Hermione was muttering instructions to him out of the corner of her mouth, so that Snape wouldnt see. Harry and Ron jam-packed away their unused ingredients and went to wash their upset on and ladles in the muffin basin in the corner.What did Malfoy mean? Harry muttered to Ron as he stuck his hands under the icy jet that poured from the gargoyles mouth why would I want revenge on Black? He hasnt done anything to me &82 12 until now.Hes making it up, said Ron savagely. Hes trying to make you do something stupidThe end of the lesson in sight, Snape strode over to Neville, who was cowering by his cauldron.Everyone gather round, said Snape, his blackness look gleam, and watch what happens to Longbottoms toad. If he has managed to produce a Shrinking Solution, it impart shrink to a tadpole. If, as I dont doubt, he has done it wrong, his toad is likely to be poisoned.The Gryffindors watched fearfully. The Slytherins looked excited. Snape picked up Trevor the toad in his left hand and dipped a microscopical spoon into Nevilles potion, which was now green. He trickled a few drops down Trevors throat. in that respect was a moment of hushed silence, in which Trevor gulped then there was a small pop, and Trevor the tadpole was wriggling in Snapes palm.The Gryffindors burst into applause. Snape, looking sour, pulled a small bottle from the pocket of his robe, poured a few drops on light up of Trevor, a nd he reappeared suddenly, fully grown.Five points from Gryffindor, said Snape, which wiped the smiles from every display case. I told you not to help him, Miss Granger. Class dismissed.Harry, Ron, and Hermione climbed the steps to the entrance hall. Harry was even so thinking about what Malfoy had said, while Ron was seething about Snape.Five points from Gryffindor because the potion was all right Why didnt you lie, Hermione? You shouldve said Neville did it all by himselfHermione didnt answer. Ron looked around.Where is she?Harry turned too. They were at the top of the steps now, watching the rest of the class pass them, heading for the Great Hall and lunch.She was right backside us, said Ron, frowning.Malfoy passed them, travel between Crabbe and Goyle. He smirked at Harry and disappeared.There she is, said Harry.Hermione was panting slightly, hurrying up the stairs one hand clutched her bag, the other seemed to be tucking something down the front of her robes.How did you do that? said Ron.What? said Hermione, joining them. adept minute you were right behind us, the next moment, you were back at the bottom of the stairs again.What? Hermione looked slightly confused. Oh &8212 I had to go back for something. Oh no A seam had split on Hermiones bag. Harry wasnt surprised he could see that it was crammed with at least a dozen large and heavy books.Why are you carrying all these around with you? Ron asked her.You know how many subjects Im taking, said Hermione breathlessly. Couldnt hold these for me, could you?But Ron was turning over the books she had handed him, looking at the covers. You havent got any of these subjects today. Its barely(prenominal) Defense Against the turned liberal arts this afternoon.Oh yes, said Hermione vaguely, hardly she packed all the books back into her bag just the same. I hope theres something right for lunch, Im starving, she added, and she marched off toward the Great Hall.Dyou get the feeling Hermiones not telling us something? Ron asked Harry.??????????*??????????*??????????*??????????*??????????*??????????*prof lupine wasnt there when they arrived at his first Defense Against the Dark humanities lesson. They all sat down, took out their books, quills, and parchment, and were talking when he in the end entered the room. lupin smiled vaguely and placed his tatty old briefcase on the instructors desk. He was as shabby as ever nevertheless looked healthier than he had on the train, as though he had had a few forthrightly meals.Good afternoon, he said. Would you please correct all your books back in your bags. Todays go out be a practical lesson. You will need only your wands.A few curious looks were exchanged as the class put away their books. They had never had a practical Defense Against the Dark Arts class before, unless you counted the memorable class last year when their old teacher had brought a cageful of pixies to class and set them loose. set then, said professor lupine, when ev eryone was ready. If youd watch out me.Puzzled but interested, the class got to its feet and followed professor lupine out of the classroom. He led them along the deserted corridor and around a corner, where the first thing they saw was Peeves the Poltergeist, who was floating upside down in midair and stuffing the close keyhole with chewing gum.Peeves didnt look up until prof Lupin was cardinal feet away then he wiggled his curly-toed feet and broke into song.Loony, loopy Lupin, Peeves sang. Loony, loopy Lupin, loony, loopy Lupin Rude and unmanageable as he almost always was, Peeves usually showed some respect toward the teachers. Everyone looked quickly at Professor Lupin to see how he would take this to their surprise, he was still smiling.Id take that gum out of the keyhole if I were you, Peeves, he said pleasantly. Mr. Filch wont be able to get in to his brooms.Filch was the Hogwarts caretaker, a bad-tempered, failed wizard who waged a constant war against the students an d, indeed, Peeves. However, Peeves paid no attention to Professor Lupins words, except to blow a loud wet raspberry.Professor Lupin gave a small sigh and took out his wand.This is a useful miniature spell, he told the class over his shoulder. Please watch closely.He raised the wand to shoulder height, said, Waddiwasi and pointed it at Peeves.With the force of a bullet, the wad of chewing gum jab out of the keyhole and straight down Peevess left nostril he whirled upright and zoomed away, cursing.Cool, sir said Dean Thomas in amazement.Thank you, Dean, said Professor Lupin, pose his wand away again. Shall we proceed?They set off again, the class looking at shabby Professor Lupin with increased respect. He led them down a second corridor and stop, right outside the staffroom door.Inside, please, said Professor Lupin, opening it and standing back.The staffroom, a long, paneled room full of old, ill-matched chairs, was empty except for one teacher. Professor Snape was sitting in a l ow armchair, and he looked around as the class filed in. His eyes were glittering and there was a nasty sneer playing around his mouth. As Professor Lupin came in and made to close the door behind him, Snape said, Leave it open, Lupin. Id rather not witness this. He got to his feet and strode past the class, his black robes billowing behind him. At the doorway he turned on his heel and said, Possibly no ones warned you, Lupin, but this class contains Neville Longbottom. I would dismiss you not to entrust him with anything difficult. Not unless Miss Granger is hissing instructions in his ear.Neville went scarlet. Harry glared at Snape it was bad enough that he bullied Neville in his own classes, let alone doing it in front of other teachers.Professor Lupin had raised his eyebrows.I was hoping that Neville would assist me with the first stage of the operation, he said, and I am sure he will perform it admirably.Nevilles typeface went, if possible, even redder. Snapes lip curled, but he left, shutting the door with a snap.Now, then, said Professor Lupin, beckoning the class toward the end of the room, where there was nothing but an old wardrobe where the teachers kept their spare robes. As Professor Lupin went to stand next to it, the wardrobe gave a sudden wobble, banging off the wall.Nothing to worry about, said Professor Lupin calmly because a few people had jumped backward in alarm. Theres a Boggart in there. approximately people seemed to feel that this was something to worry about. Neville gave Professor Lupin a look of pure terror, and Seamus Finnigan eyed the now rattling doorknob apprehensively.Boggarts like dark, enwrap spaces, said Professor Lupin. Wardrobes, the gap beneath beds, the cupboards under sinks &8212 Ive even met one that had lodged itself in a grandfather clock. This one moved in yesterday afternoon, and I asked the headmaster if the staff would leave it to give my third old age some intrust.So, the first question we must ask ourselves is, what is a Boggart?Hermione put up her hand.Its a shape-shifter, she said. It can take the shape of whatever it thinks will frighten us most.Couldnt have put it better myself, said Professor Lupin, and Hermione glowed. So the Boggart sitting in the darkness within has not yet assumed a form. He does not yet know what will frighten the mortal on the other side of the door. Nobody knows what a Boggart looks like when he is alone, but when I let him out, he will immediately become whatever each of us most fears.This means, said Professor Lupin, choosing to ignore Nevilles small sputter of terror, that we have a huge advantage over the Boggart before we begin. Have you spotted it, Harry? nerve-wracking to answer a question with Hermione next to him, bobbing up and down on the balls of her feet with her hand in the air, was very off-putting, but Harry had a go.Er &8212 because there are so many of us, it wont know what shape it should be?Precisely, said Professor Lupin, and Hermione put her hand down, looking a little disappointed. Its always best to have company when youre dealing with a Boggart. He becomes confused. Which should he become, a headless corpse or a flesh-eating(prenominal) slug? I erst saw a Boggart make that very mistake &8212 tried to frighten two people at once and turned himself into half a slug. Not remotely frightening.The charm that repels a Boggart is simple, yet it requires force of mind. You see, the thing that really finishes a Boggart is laughter. What you need to do is force it to assume a shape that you find amusing.We will practice the charm without wands first. After me, pleaseriddikulusRiddikulus said the class together.Good, said Professor Lupin. Very good. But that was the easy part, Im afraid. You see, the word alone is not enough. And this is where you come in, Neville.The wardrobe shook again, though not as much as Neville, who walked forward as though he were heading for the gallows.Right, Neville, said Professor Lupin. First things first what would you say is the thing that frightens you most in the human race?Nevilles lips moved, but no noise came out.I didnt catch that, Neville, sorry, said Professor Lupin cheerfully.Neville looked around rather wildly, as though begging psyche to help him, then said, in barely more than a whisper, Professor Snape.Nearly everyone laughed. Even Neville grinned apologetically. Professor Lupin, however, looked thoughtful.Professor SnapehmmmNeville, I believe you animated with your grandmother?Er &8212 yes, said Neville nervously. But &8212 I dont want the Boggart to turn into her either.No, no, you misunderstand me, said Professor Lupin, now smiling. I wonder, could you tell us what sort of clothes your grandmother usually wears?Neville looked startled, but said, Wellalways the same hat. A tall one with a stuffed vulture on top. And a long dressgreen, normallyand sometimes a fox-fur scarf.And a handbag? prompted Professor Lupin.A titanic red one, said Neville.R ight then, said Professor Lupin. tolerate you picture those clothes very clearly, Neville? Can you see them in your minds eye?Yes, said Neville uncertainty, plainly wondering what was access next.When the Boggart bursts out of this wardrobe, Neville, and sees you, it will assume the form of Professor Snape, said Lupin. And you will raise your wand &8212 thus &8212 and cry Riddikulus &8212 and concentrate hard on your grandmothers clothes. If all goes well, Professor Boggart Snape will be forced into that vulture-topped hat, and that green dress, with that big red handbag.There was a great shout of laughter. The wardrobe wobbled more violently.If Neville is successful, the Boggart is likely to shift his attention to each of us in turn, said Professor Lupin. I would like all of you to take a moment now to think of the thing that scares you most, and imagine how you might force it to look comicalThe room went quiet. Harry thoughtWhat scared him most in the world?His first thought was Lord Voldemort &8212 a Voldemort returned to full strength. But before he had even started to plan a possible countermove on a Boggart-Voldemort, a horrible image came floating to the rebel of his mind.A rotting, glistening hand, slithering back beneath a black cloaka long, rattling breath from an unseen mouththen a cold so penetrating it felt like drowningHarry shivered, then looked around, hoping no one had noticed. Many people had their eyes shut tight. Ron was muttering to himself, Take its legs off. Harry was sure he knew what that was about. Rons sterling(prenominal) fear was spiders.Everyone ready? said Professor Lupin.Harry felt a lurch of fear. He wasnt ready. How could you make a Dementor less frightening? But he didnt want to ask for more time everyone else was nodding and furled up their sleeves.Neville, were going to back away, said Professor Lupin. Let you have a clear field, all right? Ill call the next soul forwardEveryone back, now, so Neville can get a clear s hot They all retreated, backed against the walls, leaving Neville alone beside the wardrobe. He looked pale and excite, but he had pushed up the sleeves of his robes and was holding his wand ready.On the count of three, Neville, said Professor Lupin, who was pointing his own wand at the handle of the wardrobe. One &8212 two &8212 three &8212 nowA jet of sparks shot from the end of Professor Lupins wand and hit the doorknob. The wardrobe burst open. Hook-nosed and menacing, Professor Snape stepped out, his eyes flashing at Neville.Neville backed away, his wand up, mouthing wordlessly. Snape was bearing down upon him, arrival inside his robes.R &8212 r &8212 riddikulus squeaked Neville.There was a noise like a whip damp. Snape stumbled he was wearing a long, lace-trimmed dress and a towering hat topped with a moth-eaten vulture, and he was singe a huge crimson handbag.There was a roar of laughter the Boggart paused, confused, and Professor Lupin shouted, Parvati ForwardParvati w alked forward, her face set. Snape rounded on her. There was another crack, and where he had stood was a bloodstained, bandaged mummy its sightless face was turned to Parvati and it began to walk toward her very slowly, dragging its feet, its stiff arms emerging &8212Riddikulus cried Parvati.A bandage unraveled at the mummys feet it became entangled, fell face forward, and its head turn over off.Seamus roared Professor Lupin.Seamus darted past Parvati.Crack Where the mummy had been was a woman with floorlength black hair and a skeletal, green-tinged face &8212 a banshee. She opened her mouth coarse and an unearthly sound filled the room, a long, wailing shriek that made the hair on Harrys head stand on end &8212 Riddikulus shouted Seamus.The banshee made a rasping noise and clutched her throat her voice was gone.Crack The banshee turned into a rat, which chased its tail in a circle, then &8212 crack- became a rattlesnake, which slithered and writhed before &8212 crack &8212 becom ing a single, bloody eyeball.Its confused shouted Lupin. Were getting there DeanDean hurried forward.Crack The eyeball became a cut off hand, which flipped over and began to creep along the floor like a crab.Riddikulus squall Dean.There was a snap, and the hand was trapped in a mousetrap. sharp Ron, you nextRon leapt forward.CrackQuite a few people screamed. A giant spider, six feet tall and covered in hair, was advancing on Ron, clicking its pincers menacingly. For a moment, Harry thought Ron had frozen. Then &8212Riddikulus bellowed Ron, and the spiders legs vanished it rolled over and over Lavender Brown squealed and ran out of its way and it came to a halt at Harrys feet. He raised his wand, ready, but &8212Here shouted Professor Lupin suddenly, hurrying forward. CrackThe legless spider had vanished. For a second, everyone looked wildly around to see where it was. Then they saw a silvery-white orb hanging in the air in front of Lupin, who said, Riddikulus almost lazily.CrackFo rward, Neville, and finish him off said Lupin as the Boggart landed on the floor as a cockroach. Crack Snape was back. This time Neville charged forward looking determined.Riddikulus he shouted, and they had a split seconds view of Snape in his lacy dress before Neville let out a great Ha of laughter, and the Boggart exploded, burst into a thousand tiny wisps of smoke, and was gone.Excellent cried Professor Lupin as the class broke into applause. Excellent, Neville. Well done, everyoneLet me seefive points to Gryffindor for every person to tackle the Boggart &8212 ten for Neville because he did it twiceand five each to Hermione and Harry.But I didnt do anything, said Harry.You and Hermione answered my questions correctly at the start of the class, Harry, Lupin said lightly. Very well, everyone, an excellent lesson. Homework, kindly read the chapter on Boggarts and tally it for meto be handed in on Monday. That will be all. talk of the town excitedly, the class left the staffroom. H arry, however, wasnt feeling cheerful. Professor Lupin had deliberately stopped him from tackling the Boggart. Why? Was it because hed seen Harry collapse on the train, and thought he wasnt up to much? Had he thought Harry would pass out again?But no one else seemed to have noticed anything.Did you see me take that banshee? shouted Seamus.And the hand said Dean, waving his own around.And Snape in that hatAnd my mummyI wonder why Professor Lupins frightened of crystal balls? said Lavender thoughtfully.That was the best Defense Against the Dark Arts lesson weve ever had, wasnt it? said Ron excitedly as they made their way back to the classroom to get their bags.He seems like a very good teacher, said Hermione approvingly. But I wish I could have had a turn with the Boggart What would it have been for you? said Ron, sniggering. A piece of homework that only got nine out of ten?

Police System In Japan Essay

In Japan, jurisprudence force carcass generally enjoy wide community support and respect. The system, so called keisatsu seido consists of or so 220,000 police officers who are organized into prefectural forces coordinated and partially controlled by the National Police Agency in Tokyo.Concerning the historical development, during the Edo peak we are talking active the years 1600 1868 here, the Tokugawa Shogunate ( the form of those eld g all overning the country ) developed elaborate police system found on town magistrates who held samurai status and served as chiefs of police, prosecutors and criminal judges. The system was all-inclusive by citizens s groups such as five-family associations ( gonin gumi ) . These groups were composed of neighbours, collectively probable to the government for the activities of their membership.After the Meiji Restoration in 1868, the main change in the whole Japanese history, the Home Ministry was progress toed in 1873. With jurisdictio n over the Police Bureau, it effectively controlled the police. This new, centralized police system had wide-ranging responsibilities, includng the way to issue ordinances and handle quasi-judicial functions. It also regulated universal health, factories, constructions, businesses and issued permits, licenses and orders.In 1911 the particular(a)(a) Higher Police was established to help control proscribed policy-making activities. Later in 1928 it was strengthened with the introduction of the Peace Preservation Law. When the Sino-Japanese fight began in 1937, the police were given the added responsibilities of regulating business activities for the war efforts, mobilizing tote and controlling transportatioon. Also regulation of publications, motion pictures, political meetings, and election campaigns came downstairs police direction.After World War II, Japan as a defeated country was to a lower place strong pressure and influence in general from the U.S., on all branches of life, including the police system. The National Diet the highest organ of call down power was required to enact a new Police Law. This 1947 rectitude abolished the previous Home Ministry. It decentralized the system by establishing about 1,600 self-sufficing municipal police forces in all cities and towns with population of over 5,000 smaller communities. These were served by the newly created National Rural Police. General contol of the police was vatical to be ensured by the establishment of civilian public recourse commissions.As to present structure, today the Japanese police system is based on prefectural units that are autonomous in daily trading operations withal are linked nationalwide under the National Police Agency. Prefectural police headquarters, including the Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department, control everyday police operations in each prefecture. In effect, the prefectures pay for the patrol man on the beat, traffic control over domestic security units , which are funded by the national government, as are the salaries of senior national and prefectural police officials.Prefectures are divided into districts, each with its own police station under direct control of prefectural police headquarters. There are about 1,250 of these police stations nationwide. Districts are further subdivided into jurisdictions of urban police boxes ( koban ) and cracker-barrel residential police boxes ( chuzaisho).The mainstay of the Japanese police system is the supply patrol officer (omawari san ). The patrol officers supply the police boxes and patrol cars and comprised 40 percent of al incidents and crimes and then move them to the specialized units for further investigation.The world of police resposibilities remains broad. Besides solving ordinary crimes, criminal investigators establish the causes of fires and industrial accidents. Crime measure police hold added responsibility for juveniles, businesses and the enforcement of special laws reg ulating gun and sword ownership, drugs, smuggling, prostitution, pornography and industrial pollution. Public safety commissions usually defer to police decisions.Police contact with the community is panoptic by the requirement that koban based police visit every stem in their jurisdiction to gather information, pass on suggestions regarding crime prevention and hear complaints. Neighbourhood crime prevention and traffic safety associations render another link between police and community, further promoting extensive public involvement in law and order.

Water: an Overlooked Essential Nutrient

pee An lose Essential Nutrient Presented by Your Name Today I am discussing the importance of weewee to encourage this office to provide water as the main boozing quality in this office. Water maintains body temperature, maintains snag volume, blood pull and supports all cell functions. (Cherif, et al. , 2010)Water is a valuable imagery even in an office environwork forcet. You may non realize that an process office is a very dry environment and leave behind ingest your body of water. Working long hours can cause mild vapour that will affect mental responses.The brain is 80% water. Loss of water will affect concentration and memory. Dehydration can cause headaches, fatigue and loss of concentration, affecting alertness. (European Hydration Institute)No other intoxication is as affective in hydrating the body like water. Gatorade and Powerade both put whizz over uplifted levels of added prize and salt. These should plainly be added to water for athletes, extreme heat functions or a dark person. Daily Recommendations Experts vary on just how over ofttimes water is ask for daily hydration. The Institute of Medicine determined that an adequate intake (AI) for men is roughly 3 liters ( virtually 13 cups) of total beverages a day. The AI for women is 2. 2 liters (about 9 cups) of total beverages a day. However, most(prenominal) agree that eight 8 ounce glasses a day is an appropriate daily intake. ( mayonnaise Foundation for Medical Education and Research (MFMER), 2011) Gatorade and Powerade argon both sports imbibings and they vex no daily recommendation. They be designed for critical fuel during relatively intense (more than 60% of maximal effort) exercise bouts lasting more than 1 hour. (Cherif, et al. , 2010, p. 299) twain Gatorade and Powerade have no evidence of providing a benefit to those who argon not exercising. In fact the exactly affect they seem to have on an un-athletic person is weight gain. (p. 301) Nutrient Content T he content of 8 ounces of bottled water includes 23. 7mg of Calcium, 4. 7mg of Magnesium, 4. 7mg Sodium. Water contains no calories. Calcium and Magnesium are not only good for bone health but act as electrolytes to help regulate fluid balance and neuromuscular function.Sodium threads replaced in modest amounts because a lack of sodium will cause musclebuilder cramps, nausea and possible other affects. Eight ounces of a sports drink has 78 calories. Sports drinks contain 95mg of Sodium, 15g of dinero, 19g of carbohydrates, 40mg of potassium, 24mg of phosphorus and 2. 4mg of calcium. Keep in mind that most sports drinks are in a 20 ounce bottle so most people consume almost three times the amounts I mentioned above. Varieties Water comes in bottles or out of the tap. Bottled water types include.Spring water is a internal source of water that springs from below the surface of the earth Purified water is water that has been treated to remove the bacteria and dissolved solids remov ed by both(prenominal) process Mineral water is water that contains no less than 250 part per million total dissolved solids. No minerals may be added to the water. artesian water comes from a well that taps a confined aquifer-a water-bearing immunity layer of rock or sand-in which the water level is above the tip of the aquifer. Well water is from an underground water source. (Nestle Waters North the States Inc. Gatorade The G2 series is bottled Gatorade with only 20 calories per ounce. Original G comes in 19 flavors. G Powder is just that powder that can be complicated with water and comes in four flavors. 01 Prime is in a theca to drink before exercise. 03 Recover is in a bottle to drink after exercise. G Series Natural Thirst Quenchers are the newest and they are the same as the professional but they have cane sugar and dont have in high spirits fructose corn syrup. Powerade Powerade offers the original drink and the Powerade Zero with no calories. The flavors are Grape Orange stinkpot Lime Sour MelonFruit Punch Mountain Berry Blast livid Cherry Strawberry Lemonade Cost Water for a water storage tank from Ice Mountain will cost $31. 96 a month for five 5 gallon bottles of water. Buying water bottles to stock a vending machine cost will vary according to how more than you buy. One pallet has 1,728 bottles and will cost $779. This will be 45? each. Gatorade bottles come in a case of 24 20 oz. bottles for $15. 68. This is 78? a bottle. (www. samsclub. com) Powerade comes in 24 20 oz. bottles of $12. 48. This is 62? a bottle. (www. samsclub. com) Advantages of phthisis WaterWater hydrates your body without all the added sugars and salts that may contribute to high blood pressure and obesity. According to the Mayo Clinic, water protects the bodies organs and tissue it helps prevent irregularity and lubricates joints. Water helps flush waste from the kidneys and liver. It helps dissolve minerals and nutrients for the body to use and it carries the nutrients and oxygen to cells. ( Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research (MFMER), 2011) Water is internal to keep focused and on task at work. It is the surpass direction to work at a law office that demands so much time and attention to details.Water will help prevent headaches often associated with sugar and caffeine. Sports Drinks I would be to ones advantage to drink a sports drink to rejuvenate electrolytes that are seriously depleted. This means that it is ideal for an athlete, someone laboring in heat or a sick person losing body fluids. Both Gatorade and Powerade have low calorie options. Gatorade has G2 that is a 20 calorie per table service solution and Powerade Zero has no calories. If a person is in need to bushel electrolytes that water is not able to do, I believe the G2 is the go drink.The smaller amount of calories would be needed to help quickly restore electrolytes. Safety Choosing water means not having to worry about whether or not it is safe to drink. Only one problem is caused by water, Hyponatremia. , Hyponatremia is only cause by over consumption of water and it flushes too much sodium out of the body. The condition is extremely rare and hard to do. Sports drinks on the other hand do cause a safety concern. With the climb epidemic of obesity and diabetes everyone should be concerned about sugar intake. Calories should be mostly derived from food and rarely in our beverage.The high level of sodium is a concern as well. Sodium in high levels will cause high blood pressure and hypertension. In an office situation the ingredients have no chance of being burned off by the body. If sports drinks are chosen in an office environment the best one to pick is Powerade Zero. The sodium is still too high in this drink but at least the calories have been eliminated. In Conclusion I highly recommend that this office choose water as the beverage of choice for your employees and partners. Water is the obvious choice to keep everyone feeling their best and keeping focused on the work at hand.Water is the best choice when considering the overall health of this office. Not only will sports drinks contribute to high sugar and sodium levels but is will ultimately lead to high insurance and health costs for this company. Water is the inexpensive solution. As shown in the cost comparison per bottle water is less expensive. Finally, think about the message you want to send to this office and to guests who visit this office. If you want to make the health conscience decision water is the only choice. For clients who walk in the door that you dont know their specific health condition water is a beverage everyone can say yes to.